Potassium channel Origami windmill Model

2019

Preprint

Self Cite

The mechanism of cell action potential was explained by using the principle of potassium channel "origami windmill" model. It is inferred that ion channels should include at least two categories: One kind of channel is "special ion channel", its structure is like an origami windmill model. All cations passing through this channel rotate into the interior from one-way, only in and no out. Compared with K+, they have two states of "open" and "closed", When they are "open", their aperture is not less than K+ diameter. When "closed", their aperture is smaller than K+ diameter, but not smaller than Na+ diameter. The other channel is the "universal ion channel". All Ions passing through this channel unidirectional flow too, only out and no in. Compared with K+, they have two states of "open" and "closed", When they are "open", their aperture is not less than K+ diameter. When "closed", their aperture is smaller than K+ diameter, but not smaller than Na+ diameter. This model reasonably explains the whole process of action potential occurrence, and supports Hodgkin, Huxley 's experimental the results of action potential. This model does not support their explanation of the mechanism of action potential generation in cells and the core ideas of "membrane theory" and "ion theory". It negates the selective filter atomic model and the propeller model established by MacKinnon et al. It is tiped that the main role of "sodium-potassium pump" or "ATPase" is not responsible for the transport of Na+ and K+ from the inside and outside of the cell and maintaining cell membrane potential. The channels through which ions enter and escape cells are independent. This suggests that most channels may be sharing in the same direction by other inorganic ions and organic molecules.

Section: Rotation Speed Estimation Of "Origami Windmill"mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpretation of Action Potential Generation Mechanism in Cells by Potassium Channel "Origami Windmill" Model

2019

Preprint

Self Cite

“…It supports Hodgkin, Huxley 's experimental the results of action potential, and does not support their explanation of the mechanism of action potential generation in cells and the core ideas of "membrane theory" and "ion theory". It tiped that the main role of "sodium-potassium pump" or "ATPase" is not responsible for the transport of Na + and K + from the inside and outside of the cell and maintaining cell membrane potential [6][7][8] .…”

Section: Revisionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revision and Supplement of the Theory of Dove-like Particles

2019

Preprint

Self Cite

The theory of dove-like particles is a discussion on the reasons and mechanism of sporadic Alzheimer's disease, which was officially published on March 15, 2019. In this paper, the "basic content" of the theory of dove-like particles and the mechanism of action potential generation of Alan Hodgkin and Andrew Huxley are revised, the related contents of ion pump and sodium-potassium pump are deleted, and the discussion of " organic ions and acidity-alkalinity " is added, and at the end of the conclusion, the following contents are added: The Aβ hypothesis misleads the research direction of the world's mainstream brain scientists. All the work based on the beta hypothesis has been unsuccessful. It may even become the confirmed habits are hard to get rid of "soft underbelly" of some scientists and "stumbling block" to conquered Alzheimer's disease. Its little results which seeming to be right but not so in fact is completely negligible compared with the enormous cost of human beings. Therefore, we must completely deny and abandon the Aβ hypothesis from the strategic height and academic level. Trying to revision and supplement it to keep it reluctantly, it is not scientific and has no practical significance, it confuses the gap between theory and practice.

“…The establishment of the K + channel "origami windmill" model [7] has gone through the deduction process of practice-theory-re-practice-re-theory. Since 1994, the author has applied the transcranial electrical and transcranial magnetic electrical stimulation technology to invent a brain function rehabilitation therapeutic apparatus (1995) [8,9], a depression therapeutic apparatus (2011) [10,11], a Parkinson's disease therapeutic apparatus (2011) [12,13],…”

Section: Introduction mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpretation of Action Potential Generation Mechanism in Cardiomyocytes by Potassium Channel “Origami Windmill” Model

2020

UCMS

The study of the action potential of cardiomyocytes is as important as the study of nerve fiber cells. The theoretical basis of the action potential of cardiomyocytes is the ionic theory formed by nerve fiber cells. Its core point of view: the decline phase of the action potential of cells is dominated by K + outflow. Applying the principle of the K + channel "origami windmill" model, the mechanism of action potential generation of nerve fiber cells has been reasonably explained, and a point contrary to the ion theory has been drawn: the phase of the action potential decline is dominated by K + influx. Similarly, applying the principle of the K + channel "origami windmill" model can also give a reasonable explanation for the mechanism of action potential generation of cardiomyocytes. The difference between cardiomyocyte action potential and nerve fiber cell: in addition to K + , Cl-, Na + , the process of generating cardiomyocyte action potential also involves the participation of Ca 2+. Ca 2+ inflow in the rising phase will shorten the depolarization time; Ca 2+ inflow in the falling phase will prolong the repolarization time. K + , Ca 2+ space substitution proportion: rotate into 2 K + , squeeze out 3 Ca 2+ , and 4 extra negative charges in the cell, the proportion is 2:3:4; Conversely, squeeze out 2 K + , rotate into 3 Ca 2+ , 4 extra positive charges the cells, the proportion is 3:2:4. Na + , Ca 2+ space substitution proportion: rotate into 1 Na + , squeeze out 1 Ca 2+ , and 1 extra negative charges in the cell, the proportion is 1:1:1; conversely, rotate into 1 Ca 2+ , squeeze out 1 Na + , there is 1 more positive charge in the cell, and the proportion is 1:1:1. Application of "origami windmill" model principle, can reasonably explain the cardiomyocytes action potential generation mechanism, further proveding "origami windmill" the model theory, "the theory of dove-like particles", "the theory of brain cell activation" of science, also proving that the viewpoint of "action potential descending phase, dominated by K + internal current" is correct. The scientific and rational interpretation of the action potential of cardiomyocytes has far-reaching impact and great significance to the basic theoretical research and clinical practice of the heart from now on.