Postprandial hyperglycemia and insulin response are affected by sea buckthorn (Hippophaë rhamnoides ssp. turkestanica) berry and its ethanol-soluble metabolites

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Repeated postprandial hyperglycemia and subsequent mild, late hypoglycemia as well as high postprandial insulin response lead to metabolic events that may eventually develop into type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to assess how sea buckthorn berries as well as two sea buckthorn extraction residues modulate the postprandial metabolism after a high-glucose meal. Subjects/Methods: Ten healthy normal-weight male volunteers consumed four study breakfasts, one control (A) and three sea buckthorn meals on four distinct study days. All the meals contained yoghurt and glucose (50 g). The sea buckthorn ingredients used were dried and crushed whole berries (meal B1), supercritical fluid (SF)-carbon dioxide (CO 2 )-extracted oil-free berries (meal B2) or ethanol-extracted SF-CO 2 -extraction residue (meal B3). Blood samples for glucose, insulin and tumor necrosis factor-a analyses were collected before and during the 6-h study period. Results: Meal B1 suppressed the postprandial peak insulin response when compared with meal A (Dconcentration of 30-min peak value À21.8 mU/l, P ¼ 0.039), and stabilized postprandial hyperglycemia and subsequent hypoglycemia (Dconcentration of 30-min peak value-120-min value À30.4 mU/l, P ¼ 0.036). Furthermore, meal B2 resulted in a more stable insulin response than the control meal (Dconcentration of 30-min peak value-120-min value À25.9 mU/l, P ¼ 0.037). Conclusions: Removal of the CO 2 -soluble oil component from the berries did not show a significant change in the studied postprandial effects of the berries. The EtOH soluble components, again showed advantageous properties in both insulin and glucose responses.

Effects of sea buckthorn and bilberry on serum metabolites differ according to baseline metabolic profiles in overweight women: a randomized crossover trial

“…Animal and in vitro studies have suggested that SBo (8–10) and alcohol extracts and flavonoid preparations (11–14) have antioxidant and antiinflammatory activities and may beneficially affect serum glucose and triglyceride concentrations (15). These results have been supported by recent clinical studies (16, 17). …”

Fatty Acid Composition of Developing Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) Berry and the Transcriptome of the Mature Seed

“…Sea buckthorn flavones have been linked with inhibition of thrombosis and hypertension [16], [17], and promotion of wound healing [18]. The positive effects of berries and its extracts have also been demonstrated in human subjects [19], [20] thus, both historical accounts and scientific research indicate that this plant has immense nutritional and medicinal potential.…”

Changes in content of major phenolic compounds during leaf development of sea buckthorn (Hippophaë rhamnoides L.)

“…Sea buckthorn puree can lower the plasma high-sensitivity c-reactive protein level (Larmo et al 2008), which is a marker for inflammation and a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, ethanol-soluble components of sea buckthorn fruits have been shown to affect postprandial hyperglycemia and insulin response (Lehtonen et al 2010a) and the beneficial flavonols of sea buckthorn berries have proven to be highly bioavailable (Larmo et al 2009, Lehtonen et al 2010b). …”