Postharvest Calcium Treatment of Apple Fruit to Provide Broad-Spectrum Protection Against Postharvest Pathogens

Conway, William S.; Sams, Carl E.; Abbott, James; Bruton, B. D.

doi:10.1094/pd-75-0620

Cited by 78 publications

(41 citation statements)

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“…Cell wall pectins are primarily composed of four-linked galactoronosyl residues, and the stability of cell wall may be related to its co-operative binding with Ca ions [22], making the cell wall of apples less accessible to enzymes that cause softening or to cell wall degrading enzymes produced by pathogens. Increasing the concentration of Ca in apple cell wall has been shown to inhibit polyglacturonase activity produced by P. expansum [23,24]. Although, the optimum concentration of Ca in fruit tissue may vary and accordingly the decay incidence caused by different pathogens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic Influence of Pre-Harvest Calcium Sprays and Postharvest Hot Water Treatment on Fruit Firmness, Decay, Bitter Pit Incidence and Postharvest Quality of Royal Delicious Apples (<i>Malus x domestica</i> Borkh)

Sharma¹,

Singh²,

Pal³

2013

AJPS

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Experiments were conducted to observe the effect of pre-harvest calcium (Ca) applied as calcium chloride (1% W/V) and postharvest hot water treatment (HWT) on "Royal Delicious" apples. For this, apples were divided in 4 lots viz., untreated (neither Ca nor HWT), Ca alone (pre-harvest 3 sprays of CaCl 2 (1.0% w/v) in the orchard), HWT (42˚C for 2 h). Apples of all four lots were stored in cold storage maintained at 0˚C ± 1˚C and 90% -95% relative humidity for 6 months. After storage, fruits were removed to ambient conditions for 5 days, and then observations on decay area and incidence, bitter pit incidence, fruit Ca content, lipoxygenase (LOX) and antioxidant (AOX) activity, fruit firmness and fruit quality parameters were recorded. After 6 months in cold storage plus 5 day at 22˚C ± 2˚C and 70% + 4% RH, apples, which received Ca as pre-harvest spray or those which received postharvest hot water treatment or Ca + HWT had significantly lesser decay area (decay lesions) caused by Penicillium expansum or Botrytis cinerea than untreated ones (control). Ca + HWT treatment was significantly more effective on B. cinerea than P. expansum. Untreated apples exhibited higher incidence of bitter pit (18.2%) than those treated with Ca or HWT or both. Fruit Ca content (2.92% DM) were significantly lower and conversely the LOX activity (6.9 µmoles min -1 g -1 FW) was higher in untreated apples. Similarly, total phenolics and AOX activity were also lower in the untreated apples than Ca or HWT treated. HWT or Ca treated apples have beneficial effects on fruit firmness, peel colour and quality parameters like TSS and ascorbic acid content. Thus, it is concluded that pre-harvest sprays of calcium chloride with postharvest HWT is highly useful for "Royal Delicious" for reducing decay loss, maintaining firmness, high levels of antioxidants and fruit quality.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic Influence of Pre-Harvest Calcium Sprays and Postharvest Hot Water Treatment on Fruit Firmness, Decay, Bitter Pit Incidence and Postharvest Quality of Royal Delicious Apples (<i>Malus x domestica</i> Borkh)

Sharma¹,

Singh²,

Pal³

2013

AJPS

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“…A carência de potássio também esta relacionada com a menor síntese de compostos de alto peso molecular, favorecendo o acúmulo de compostos de baixo peso molecular, propiciando o desenvolvimento de doenças (Adebitan, 1998). O cálcio é outro nutriente que possui grande relevância, pois é essencial para a estabilidade das biomembranas (Chitarra et al, 2000) e pela inibição da atividade da enzima poligalacturonase (Conway et al, 1991). Os micronutrientes, como o cobre, boro e manganês, também têm funções importantes que influenciam na síntese de lignina e fenóis simples (Ceretta et al, 2005).…”

Section: Tratamentosunclassified

Influência da nutrição mineral foliar sobre doenças da parte aérea da cultura do trigo

2012

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Influência da nutrição mineral foliar sobre doenças da parte aérea da cultura do trigo Rev. Ceres, Viçosa, v. 59, n.1, p. 71-76, jan/fev, 2012 RESUMO ABSTRACT Influence of leaf mineral nutrition on wheat diseasesThe use of fungicide for controlling of wheat foliar diseases is a common practice among farmers. However, due to the environmental impact caused by widespread use, some alternative pathogen controls are needed. This work aimed to evaluate the effect of leaf mineral nutrition on the control of wheat foliar diseases, and its effect on the plant. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with four replications and four treatments: 1-control; 2-leaf fertilization at 30 days after emergence (DAE) and at 75 DAE; 3-fungicide at 30 and 75 DAE; and 4-leaf fertilization at 30 DAE and foliar fertilizing + fungicide at 75 DAE. Nine incidence evaluations were carried out for powdery mildew to calculate the area under the disease progress curve; three evaluations for rust severity and gluma spots; and two evaluations for yellow spot yield, mass of fresh and dry matter of aerial parts and root system were determined. There was reduction in the intensity of powdery mildew as a function of leaf fertilization, only in the first evaluation of Recebido para publicação em

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“…Numerous investigations have suggested that many physiological and pathological disorders of apples are related to their tissue Ca. Adequate Ca concentration maintains fruit firmness, and lowers the incidence of disorders such as water core, bitter pit and internal breakdown (Faust and Shear, 1968;Bangerth et al, 1972;Reid and Padf ield, 1975) and reduces decay caused by postharvest pathogens (Conway et al, 1991). Apple fruit cell walls with higher Ca concentrations are more resistant to cell wall degrading enzymes such as polygalacturonase and pathogens than are cell walls lower in Ca (Conway et al, 1988).…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of UV-C radiation and hot water on the calcium content and postharvest quality of apples

Hemmaty

Moallemi

Naseri

2007

Span. j. agric. res.

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To increase the storage shelf life of "Red Delicious" and "Golden Delicious" apples they were treated with UV-C irradiation at doses of 0, 5 and 15 min irradiation at 1.435 x 10E-4 W/square cm and with hot water containing 4% CaCl2 at four levels (control, dipping at 25 deg C for 10 min, dipping at 38 deg C for 5 min and dipping in 54 deg C for 1 min) in a factorial design with 4 replicates. The results showed that UV-C irradiation and dipping of fruit in hot water increased the storage life and improved fruit quality factors in "Red Delicious" and "Golden Delicious" apples at the end of cold storage. Both UV-C and hot water treatments decreased pH and total soluble solids/titratable acids ratio and increased fruit titratable acids and firmness. UV-C and hot water treatment increased fruit Ca content during storage. The results showed that UV-C and hot water treatment can retard fruit ripening and maintain fruit quality in cold storage. These treatments can also increase Ca concentration of fruit flesh and thus increase the nutritional value of the apples.

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Postharvest Calcium Treatment of Apple Fruit to Provide Broad-Spectrum Protection Against Postharvest Pathogens

Cited by 78 publications

References 0 publications

Synergistic Influence of Pre-Harvest Calcium Sprays and Postharvest Hot Water Treatment on Fruit Firmness, Decay, Bitter Pit Incidence and Postharvest Quality of Royal Delicious Apples (<i>Malus x domestica</i> Borkh)

Synergistic Influence of Pre-Harvest Calcium Sprays and Postharvest Hot Water Treatment on Fruit Firmness, Decay, Bitter Pit Incidence and Postharvest Quality of Royal Delicious Apples (<i>Malus x domestica</i> Borkh)

Influência da nutrição mineral foliar sobre doenças da parte aérea da cultura do trigo

Effect of UV-C radiation and hot water on the calcium content and postharvest quality of apples

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Postharvest Calcium Treatment of Apple Fruit to Provide Broad-Spectrum Protection Against Postharvest Pathogens

Cited by 78 publications

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Synergistic Influence of Pre-Harvest Calcium Sprays and Postharvest Hot Water Treatment on Fruit Firmness, Decay, Bitter Pit Incidence and Postharvest Quality of Royal Delicious Apples (&lt;i&gt;Malus x domestica&lt;/i&gt; Borkh)

Synergistic Influence of Pre-Harvest Calcium Sprays and Postharvest Hot Water Treatment on Fruit Firmness, Decay, Bitter Pit Incidence and Postharvest Quality of Royal Delicious Apples (&lt;i&gt;Malus x domestica&lt;/i&gt; Borkh)

Influência da nutrição mineral foliar sobre doenças da parte aérea da cultura do trigo

Effect of UV-C radiation and hot water on the calcium content and postharvest quality of apples

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Synergistic Influence of Pre-Harvest Calcium Sprays and Postharvest Hot Water Treatment on Fruit Firmness, Decay, Bitter Pit Incidence and Postharvest Quality of Royal Delicious Apples (<i>Malus x domestica</i> Borkh)

Synergistic Influence of Pre-Harvest Calcium Sprays and Postharvest Hot Water Treatment on Fruit Firmness, Decay, Bitter Pit Incidence and Postharvest Quality of Royal Delicious Apples (<i>Malus x domestica</i> Borkh)