Posterior auricular artery as an alternative donor vessel for extracranial-intracranial bypass surgery

Germans, Menno R.; Regli, Luca

doi:10.1007/s00701-014-2206-6

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…However, four of the five Type D cases had equivalent size to the STA, and one was obviously larger than STA. Following our case report, three more similar case reports were published [ 13 ]. A series of consecutive 175 patients who received bypass surgery found that 5.7% of patients had PAAs large enough for use as a donor artery for revascularization surgery, which corresponds to Type D [ 13 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…Following our case report, three more similar case reports were published [ 13 ]. A series of consecutive 175 patients who received bypass surgery found that 5.7% of patients had PAAs large enough for use as a donor artery for revascularization surgery, which corresponds to Type D [ 13 ]. This five-fold difference from the present finding of 1.2% might be the result of selection bias, as all patients underwent bypass surgery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

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Novel Classification of the Posterior Auricular Artery Based on Angiographical Appearance

et al. 2015

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PurposeTo investigate the length variation of the posterior auricular artery and propose a novel classification of the posterior auricular artery based on angiographical appearance.Patients and MethodsA series of 234 consecutive patients who had undergone conventional cerebral angiography was analyzed. The posterior auricular artery was examined on the lateral projection of the external carotid or common carotid arteriography. The posterior auricular artery was classified into four groups by length, using the external auditory canal and the top of the helix as radiographical landmarks. Our proposed classification is as follows: Type A, posterior auricular artery terminates between its origin and the center of the external auditory canal; Type B, posterior auricular artery terminates between the center of the external auditory canal and the top of the helix; Type C, posterior auricular artery terminates between the top of the helix and the vertex; and Type D, posterior auricular artery reaches up to the vertex.ResultsA total of 424 (right, 214; left, 210) posterior auricular arteries were analyzed in 111 men and 123 women aged 11 to 91 years (mean, 61.0 years) examined for aneurysms in 78 cases, occlusive vascular diseases in 56, intracranial hemorrhages in 41, tumors in 35, and others in 24. Types A, B, C, and D were found in 15.1%, 34.9%, 48.8%, and 1.2% of the patients, respectively.ConclusionA novel classification of the posterior auricular artery identifies four types based on its length on cerebral angiography.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Novel Classification of the Posterior Auricular Artery Based on Angiographical Appearance

et al. 2015

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“…Most of the time, the PAA originates from the external carotid artery just superior to the occipital artery and runs toward the stylomastoid foramen. At the stylomastoid foramen, the PAA courses between the mastoid tip and auricle, running almost vertically towards its vertex 7.5 cm from the mastoid tip . It is well known that the PAA always accompanies the PAN.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the stylomastoid foramen, the PAA courses between the mastoid tip and auricle, running almost vertically towards its vertex 7.5 cm from the mastoid tip. 20 It is well known that the PAA always accompanies the PAN. In addition, when compared to the PAN, the PAA has a larger diameter, is pulsatile, and has distinguishing color characteristics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Posterior auricular artery as a novel anatomic landmark for identification of the facial nerve: A cadaveric study

et al. 2018

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“…The variability of the carotid arteries in relation to their diameters and level of bifurcation varied widely in literature 1 – 5 . The importance of the carotid arteries is based on their distribution territories for face, mouth, eye, nose, brain, on associated pathologies as the atheromatosis and on new diagnostic techniques and interventional approaches 6 , 7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The carotid axis revisited

Cobiella

Quinones

Konschake

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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The aim was to determine the variations in the level of origin of carotid bifurcation and diameters of the common, internal, and external carotid arteries which is clinically important for several interventional procedures. Therefore, 165 human embalmed corpses were dissected. The data collected were analyzed using the Chi square-test and the Pearson correlation test. The results of previous studies have been reviewed. In relation to the level of the carotid bifurcation, taking as a reference point the hyoid bone, the values ranged from 4 cm below the hyoid body to 2.5 cm above the body of the hyoid, being the average height—0.33 cm, with a standard deviation of 1.19 cm. The right carotid bifurcation was established at a higher level (x = − 0.19 cm.) than the left one (x = − 0.48 cm.) (p = 0.046). On the contrary, no significant gender differences could be observed. The arterial calibres of the common and internal carotid arteries were higher in male than female. In the internal carotid artery (X = 0.76 cm.), the left was greater than the right (X = 0.72 cm.) (P = 0.047). However, no differences in the distribution of the calibre of the external carotid artery were found neither by side nor gender. Variations in the level of bifurcation and calibres of carotid arteries are relevant for interventional radiology procedures and head and neck surgeries. Knowledge of these anatomical references might help clinicians in the interpretation of the carotid system.

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Posterior auricular artery as an alternative donor vessel for extracranial-intracranial bypass surgery

Abstract: The PAA is a rarely described as an appropriate donor vessel for an EC-IC bypass. Its prevalence is 5.7% and it can successfully be used as an alternative donor vessel. The awareness among cerebrovascular surgeons about the presence of a PAA and knowledge about its anatomy may be valuable.

Cited by 15 publications

References 17 publications

Novel Classification of the Posterior Auricular Artery Based on Angiographical Appearance

Novel Classification of the Posterior Auricular Artery Based on Angiographical Appearance

Posterior auricular artery as a novel anatomic landmark for identification of the facial nerve: A cadaveric study

The carotid axis revisited

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