Abstract:Tinnitus is the phantom perception of a sound, often accompanied by increased anxiety and depressive symptoms. Degenerative or inflammatory processes, as well as changes in monoaminergic systems, have been suggested as potential underlying mechanisms. Herein, we conducted the first post-mortem histopathological assessment to reveal detailed structural changes in tinnitus patients’ auditory and non-auditory brain regions. Tissue blocks containing the medial geniculate body (MGB), thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN… Show more
“…Thus, it is important for tinnitus research to be grounded in studies of the postmortem brain from people who experienced tinnitus in life. The work by Almasabi et al [7] provided a rare example where it was possible to study tinnitus-related changes in the numbers of serotonergic and dopaminergic neurons, as well as evidence of neurodegeneration in brain structures that are associated with tinnitus. Reduced serotonin levels are particularly associated with depression, which is one of the main comorbidities linked to tinnitus distress, with the other being anxiety, which is particularly associated with structures such as the insular cortex [8].…”
Basic work into neuroplasticity mechanisms in both invertebrate and vertebrate brains, followed by the development of the first animal model of tinnitus, and coupled with clinical studies of tinnitus, meant that, by 1990, Jastreboff [...]
“…Thus, it is important for tinnitus research to be grounded in studies of the postmortem brain from people who experienced tinnitus in life. The work by Almasabi et al [7] provided a rare example where it was possible to study tinnitus-related changes in the numbers of serotonergic and dopaminergic neurons, as well as evidence of neurodegeneration in brain structures that are associated with tinnitus. Reduced serotonin levels are particularly associated with depression, which is one of the main comorbidities linked to tinnitus distress, with the other being anxiety, which is particularly associated with structures such as the insular cortex [8].…”
Basic work into neuroplasticity mechanisms in both invertebrate and vertebrate brains, followed by the development of the first animal model of tinnitus, and coupled with clinical studies of tinnitus, meant that, by 1990, Jastreboff [...]
Identifying and implementing an effective tinnitus treatment has been a challenge. Despite efforts over many decades, there is no definitive cure for tinnitus yet. Implementation science may assist audiology practitioners and end-user patients in their pursuit of a cure by identifying ways to maximize the use of research findings. Within the context of therapeutic interventions, implementation science is the study of a successful treatment–system fit evidenced by use. Research evidence for tinnitus treatment efficacy is dominated by behavioral questionnaires as they are a pragmatic source of patient-driven data. Neurophysiological evidence of the underlying neural network change correlated with these behavioral findings enhances research conclusions and potential use. This implementation science review systematically sourced and analyzed neurophysiological evidence from 29 studies to find that targeting tinnitus core network neuroplasticity may be the most effective tinnitus treatment. Narrow-band sound treatment has the greatest body of correlated neurophysiological-behavioral evidence. This is the first tinnitus implementation science systematic review. It is hoped that new or improved treatments may emerge from pivoting the evidential lens toward the pragmatic use of neurophysiological evidence.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier: CRD42022335201.
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