Post-Code PTSD Symptoms in Internal Medicine Residents Who Participate in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Events: A Mixed Methods Study

Kolehmainen, Christine; Stahr, Anne; Kaatz, Anna; Brennan, Meghan B.; Vogelman, Bennett; Cook, Jessica; Carnes, Molly

doi:10.4300/jgme-d-14-00424.1

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Our findings suggest that symptoms of psychological distress and ASRs are common among health professional students during the COVID-19 outbreak. As such symptoms may negatively affect job performance of healthcare workers (Kolehmainen et al, 2015) and their health if persisting (Bisson, 2019), assessment of distress may be implemented if and when the students are accelerating to the frontline. Our findings may provide first-hand evidence to help identify those who might benefit the most from family and psychological support during and after these unprecedented times.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological distress among health professional students during the COVID-19 outbreak

et al. 2020

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Background. Due to the drastic surge of COVID-19 patients, many countries are considering or already graduating health professional students early to aid professional resources. We aimed to assess outbreak-related psychological distress and symptoms of acute stress reaction (ASR) in health professional students and to characterize individuals with potential need for interventions. Methods. We conducted a prospective cohort study of 1442 health professional students at Sichuan University, China. At baseline (October 2019), participants were assessed for childhood adversity, stressful life events, internet addiction, and family functioning. Using multivariable logistic regression, we examined associations of the above exposures with subsequent psychological distress and ASR in response to the outbreak. Results. Three hundred and eighty-four (26.63%) participants demonstrated clinically significant psychological distress, while 160 (11.10%) met the criterion for a probable ASR. Individuals who scored high on both childhood adversity and stressful life event experiences during the past year were at increased risks of both distress (ORs 2.00-2.66) and probable ASR (ORs 2.23-3.10), respectively. Moreover, internet addiction was associated with elevated risks of distress (OR 2.05, 95% CI 1.60-2.64) and probable ASR (OR 2.15, 95% CI 1.50-3.10). By contrast, good family functioning was associated with decreased risks of distress (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.33-0.55) and probable ASR (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.33-0.69). All associations were independent of baseline psychological distress. Conclusions. Our findings suggest that COVID-19 related psychological distress and high symptoms burden of ASR are common among health professional students. Extended family and professional support should be considered for vulnerable individuals during these unprecedented times.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological distress among health professional students during the COVID-19 outbreak

et al. 2020

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“…Similar to the current findings, Genest et al [32] identified that following CPR, ambulance volunteers suffer from psychological impacts, such as uncontrollable, involuntary thoughts, negative feelings and recurring mental images. Mathiesen et al [33] found that CPR affected psychologically those citizens that provided it, and Kolehmainen et al [11] found that internal medicine residents reported PTSD symptoms after participating in CPR. In line with those previous findings, MDA youth volunteers that provided CPR had higher mean scores of intrusion, hyper-arousal and avoidance compared to volunteers that had not provided such procedures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Self-efficacy refers to the level of self-reported perceptions regarding competence to achieve one’s ambitions [10]. PTSD is a psychiatric disorder that may appear among individuals that experience a traumatic event [11,12]. Symptoms of PTSD may include intrusive thoughts like re-experiencing the traumatic events, avoidance of places and activities that may remind of the trauma or hyper-arousal, such as sleep deficiency and being overly alert [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Stressful Events on Motivations, Self-Efficacy, and Development of Post-Traumatic Symptoms among Youth Volunteers in Emergency Medical Services

Roditi

Bodas

Jaffe

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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During the last decades, Israeli emergency medical services (EMS) personnel has been exposed to different potentially traumatic events, including mass terror attacks. The aims of the present study were to identify how potentially traumatic events affect young volunteers in their motivation to volunteer and their perceived self-efficacy while being at risk of developing post-traumatic symptoms. The final sample included 236 Magen David Adom (MDA, the "Israeli Red Cross") youth volunteers. The study evaluated their motivational factors for volunteering, perceived self-efficacy, participation in potentially traumatic events, and post-traumatic symptoms. Over two-thirds of the volunteers participated in a traumatic event on duty. Volunteers who were involved in potentially stressful events scored higher levels of post-traumatic symptoms, though still very low and subclinical. Nonetheless, participating in stressful events contributed to an increased sense of self-efficacy. No difference in post-traumatic symptom levels was observed between volunteers who partook in mass casualty incidents and those who did not. The results demonstrate that MDA youth volunteers may mostly benefit from participating in situations requiring the administration of emergency medicine, even stressful ones. They may help to find ways to empower the volunteers and increase their resilience.

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“… 3 Risk for residents can be compounded by exposure to adverse events, such as medical errors and/or unexpected negative patient outcomes, potentially triggering trauma symptoms. 6 – 8 …”

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confidence: 99%

“…9 The harm experienced by traumatized hospital workers has been compared with the harm that occurs to military personnel involved in unintentional “friendly fire.” Rates of trauma symptoms among resident physicians are higher than expected in the general population, ranging from 12% to 28%. 6 – 8 , 10 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptation and Evaluation of Military Resilience Skills Training for Pediatric Residents

Bursch

Lloyd

Mogil

et al. 2017

Journal of Medical Education and Curricular Development

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Background:An evidence-based trauma-informed resilience skills training program developed for deployed military personnel was adapted and pilot-tested with pediatric residents. We anticipated high satisfaction ratings and changes in knowledge, beliefs, and self-efficacy related to coping with stress and trauma.Methods:The intervention included 6 skill-based modules covering emotion regulation, communication with angry patients and parents, reflective narrative, inspirational goal setting, problem-solving, and developing a self-care toolbox. An optional survey was administered before and after the training.Results:After training, 76% rated resilience skills as important, 60% were satisfied, and 82% indicated the training changed how they will respond to patient-related grief and trauma. They became more likely to believe attendings are affected by patient deaths and to know what helps them cope when they disagree with the medical decision making of others, more skilled in recognizing signs of stress and trauma, and more knowledgeable about evidence-based interventions.

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Post-Code PTSD Symptoms in Internal Medicine Residents Who Participate in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Events: A Mixed Methods Study

Abstract: Background Internal medicine (IM) residents participate in cardiopulmonary resuscitation events (or ''codes''), stressful events that involve the death or near death of patients. Experiencing traumatic stress can lead to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Cited by 17 publications

References 24 publications

Psychological distress among health professional students during the COVID-19 outbreak

Psychological distress among health professional students during the COVID-19 outbreak

Impact of Stressful Events on Motivations, Self-Efficacy, and Development of Post-Traumatic Symptoms among Youth Volunteers in Emergency Medical Services

Adaptation and Evaluation of Military Resilience Skills Training for Pediatric Residents

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