Possibilities and challenges for ionic liquids in hydrometallurgy

Quijada‐Maldonado, E.; Olea, Felipe; Sepúlveda, Rossana; Castillo, Jonathan; Cabezas, R.; Merlet, Gastón; Romero, Julio

doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117289

Cited by 62 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 139 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Although the use of ILs in electrodeposition is gaining an increasing interest, some issues should still be solved, as is the case of the low thermal and chemical stability of ILs, which hinder its reusability and thus increase its cost and environmental impact, and the high viscosity of ILs, which may lead to low mass transfer coefficients and, consequently, to mass transfer limitations [ 44 , 45 ].…”

Section: Use Of Ionic Liquids In Electrodepositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Old Technique with A Promising Future: Recent Advances in the Use of Electrodeposition for Metal Recovery

Delgado¹,

Fernández-Morales²,

Llanos³

2021

Molecules

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Although the first published works on electrodeposition dates from more than one century ago (1905), the uses of this technique in the recovery of metals are attracting an increasing interest from the scientific community in the recent years. Moreover, the intense use of metals in electronics and the necessity to assure a second life of these devices in a context of circular economy, have increased the interest of the scientific community on electrodeposition, with almost 3000 works published per year nowadays. In this review, we aim to revise the most relevant and recent publications in the application of electrodeposition for metal recovery. These contributions have been classified into four main groups of approaches: (1) treatment and reuse of wastewater; (2) use of ionic liquids; (3) use of bio-electrochemical processes (microbial fuel cells and microbial electrolysis cells) and (4) integration of electrodeposition with other processes (bioleaching, adsorption, membrane processes, etc.). This would increase the awareness about the importance of the technology and would serve as a starting point for anyone that aims to start working in the field.

show abstract

Section: Use Of Ionic Liquids In Electrodepositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Old Technique with A Promising Future: Recent Advances in the Use of Electrodeposition for Metal Recovery

Delgado¹,

Fernández-Morales²,

Llanos³

2021

Molecules

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…During stripping procedure, the metals dissolved in the IL leachate are extracted with an acidic solution. The metal extraction mechanism can be described by a simple hydrogen-metal-ion exchange reaction shown in Equation (4). Where metals are extracted to the aqueous phase and the IL is regenerated:…”

Section: Metal Extraction From [Hbet][tf 2 N] To Hcl Acid Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The idea that ILs could replace typical industrial solvents which are generally considered toxic, volatile and flammable, has aroused great interest in the field of metallurgy. There is a significant group of ILs that are partially or conditionally immiscible with water and have been examined in many studies as media for metal extraction, either in metal oxides dissolution, or in liquid/liquid separation processes [ 3 , 4 ]. An important issue in such process is controlling the mutual solubility of IL-H 2 O systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilizing Recyclable Task-Specific Ionic Liquid for Selective Leaching and Refining of Scandium from Bauxite Residue

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ionic liquids (ILs) have attracted great interest in the field of extractive metallurgy mainly because they can be utilized in low temperature leaching processes where they exhibit selectivity and recyclability. A major drawback in mixed aqueous-IL systems, is IL dissolution in the aqueous phase, which leads to IL losses, increasing the overall processing cost. This study advances the method for recovering scandium (Sc) from bauxite residue (BR) using as leaching agent the IL betainium bistriflimide, [Hbet][Tf2N] mixed with water, which has been reported in previous publications. Ionic liquid leachate (IL-PLS) was prepared by leaching BR with a mixture of [Hbet][Tf2N]-H2O and subjected to different stripping experiments using hydrochloric acid. The advancement, presented in this work, is related with the optimization of the metal extraction (stripping) from the IL-PLS, where an aqueous solution with high Sc concentration and minimum metal impurities and minimum IL co-extraction is produced. It is further proven that the metal cation extraction is defined by the stoichiometry of the acidic solution and the dissolution (losses) of the IL in the aqueous phase can be minimized by adjusting the volume ratio and the acid concentration. A two-step stripping process described, achieves the selective increase of Sc concentration by 8 times in the aqueous solution, while maintaining cumulative IL losses to similar levels as the optimum 1 step non-Sc selective stripping process.

show abstract

“… 8 − 14 Moreover, ILs have been found to be suitable as the hydrophobic receiving phase for the separation of target metal ions from aqueous solutions. 15 − 20 Also, thanks to the wide electrochemical windows accessible, they can serve as suitable media for metal electrodepositions. 11 , 21 − 25 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coordination of the Co²⁺ and Ni²⁺ Ions in Tf₂N^– Based Ionic Liquids: A Combined X-ray Absorption and Molecular Dynamics Study

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) have been combined to study the coordination of the Co 2+ and Ni 2+ ions in ionic liquids (ILs) based on the bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([Tf 2 N] − ) anion and having different organic cations, namely, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium ([C 4 mim] + ), 1,8-bis(3-methylimidazolium-1-yl)octane ([C 8 (mim) 2 ] 2+ ), N , N , N -trimethyl- N -(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium ([choline] + ), and butyltrimethylammonium ([BTMA] + ). Co and Ni K-edge XAS data have been collected on 0.1 mol L –1 Co(Tf 2 N) 2 and Ni(Tf 2 N) 2 solutions and on the metallic salts. MD simulations have been carried out to obtain structural information on the metal ion coordination. The analysis of the extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectra of the solutions has been carried out based on the atomistic description provided by MD, and the studied ILs have been found to be able to dissolve both the Co(Tf 2 N) 2 and Ni(Tf 2 N) 2 salts giving rise to a different structural arrangement around the metal ions as compared to the solid state. The combined EXAFS and MD results showed that the Co 2+ and Ni 2+ ions are surrounded by a first solvation shell formed by six [Tf 2 N] − anions, each coordinating in a monodentate fashion by means of the oxygen atoms. The nature of the IL organic cation has little or no influence on the overall spatial arrangement of the [Tf 2 N] − anions, so that stable octahedral complexes of the type [M(Tf 2 N) 6 ] 4– (M = Co, Ni) have been observed in all the investigated ILs.

show abstract

Possibilities and challenges for ionic liquids in hydrometallurgy

Cited by 62 publications

References 139 publications

An Old Technique with A Promising Future: Recent Advances in the Use of Electrodeposition for Metal Recovery

An Old Technique with A Promising Future: Recent Advances in the Use of Electrodeposition for Metal Recovery

Utilizing Recyclable Task-Specific Ionic Liquid for Selective Leaching and Refining of Scandium from Bauxite Residue

Coordination of the Co²⁺ and Ni²⁺ Ions in Tf₂N^– Based Ionic Liquids: A Combined X-ray Absorption and Molecular Dynamics Study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Possibilities and challenges for ionic liquids in hydrometallurgy

Cited by 62 publications

References 139 publications

An Old Technique with A Promising Future: Recent Advances in the Use of Electrodeposition for Metal Recovery

An Old Technique with A Promising Future: Recent Advances in the Use of Electrodeposition for Metal Recovery

Utilizing Recyclable Task-Specific Ionic Liquid for Selective Leaching and Refining of Scandium from Bauxite Residue

Coordination of the Co2+ and Ni2+ Ions in Tf2N– Based Ionic Liquids: A Combined X-ray Absorption and Molecular Dynamics Study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Coordination of the Co²⁺ and Ni²⁺ Ions in Tf₂N^– Based Ionic Liquids: A Combined X-ray Absorption and Molecular Dynamics Study