Positive association between leptin serum levels and disease activity on endoscopy in inflammatory bowel disease: A case-control study

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) includes ulcerative colitis (UC), Crohn's disease (CD) and indeterminate colitis. As these subtypes of IBD display important differences in the behavior of the natural course of the disease, the identification of non-invasive markers for IBD is important. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the serum levels of 10 adipokines and their association with endoscopic activity in IBD. The 10-protein profile (C-peptide, ghrelin, gastric inhibitory polypeptide, glucagon-like peptide-1, glucagon, insulin, leptin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, resistin and visfatin) was evaluated using serum from 53 participants (23 UC and 11 CD patients, as well as 19 controls) from Zacatecas (Mexico) by using the Bio-Plex Pro Human Diabetes 10-Plex Panel (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc.). Compared with those in the controls, leptin levels were significantly lower in patients with IBD (P=4.9×10−4). In addition, serum leptin displayed differences between groups with and without disease activity on endoscopy (P<0.001). Among the study population, serum leptin levels of <5,494 pg/ml significantly increased the odds of IBD by 12.8-fold [odds ratio (OR)=12.8, 95% confidence interval (CI)=3.04–53.9, P=0.001]. In addition, patients with serum leptin levels of <2,498 pg/ml displayed 5.8-fold greater odds of disease activity on endoscopy among the study population (OR=5.8, 95% CI=1.52–22.4, P=0.013). No differences in the serum levels of the remaining proteins were identified between the groups. Among the study population, serum leptin was associated with an increased risk of IBD and with disease activity on endoscopy. Additional studies will be necessary to validate the use of leptin as a non-invasive biomarker of IBD severity.

Characterization of the inflammatory‐metabolic phenotype of heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction: a hypothesis to explain influence of sex on the evolution and potential treatment of the disease

“…220 Increased leptin is a marker of disease activity in chronic pulmonary disorders, inflammatory bowel disease and multiple sclerosis. [221][222][223] Additionally, leptin is increased in proportion to body mass and insulin resistance in obesity and diabetes. 224 Increased leptin levels are seen in hypercortisolism and primary aldosteronism and are reduced by treatment.…”

Oversecretion and Overexpression of Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase/Pre-B Colony-Enhancing Factor/Visfatin in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Reflects the Disease Activity, Severity of Inflammatory Response and Hypoxia

“…Currently, available data on circulating Nampt in the adult IBD population are contradictory and mostly based on small cohorts [17,18,19,20]. The data on Nampt ’s leukocyte [14] and bowel expression [17] are insufficient and lack detailed analysis.…”

Biochemical Biomarkers of Mucosal Healing for Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Adults

“…While visfatin performed well for UC patients, it failed to detect MH in a mixed cohort of UC and CD patients examined by Trejo-Vasquez et al [ 134 ]. The authors analyzed a diabetic panel including, among others, plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 and adipokines (leptin, resistin, and visfatin), of which, only leptin displayed a fair overall accuracy as an MH marker ( Table 8 ).…”