Port-site Metastasis after Minimally Invasive Surgery for Urological Malignancy: A Review of Literature

Abstract

Introduction: Port-site metastasis (PSM) has been a concern with the common use of minimally invasive surgery, especially laparoscopy in urologic oncology. We conducted this study to provide a review of PSMs reported after minimally invasive surgery in managing urologic malignancies, possible contributing factors and preventive measures. Materials and methods:An electronic search of MEDLINE, PubMed, Google Scholar, and HighWire Press with the combined keywords "port-site metastasis" and "urology" was carried out. Results:A total of 40 articles comprising almost 60 cases addressing PSM after minimally invasive surgery for urological malignancy were identified.Conclusion: Port-site metastasis in urological laparoscopic surgery is rare and is preventable. Risk can be minimized by applying open surgery oncological procedural principles.