Porous hydrogel scaffolds integrating Prussian Blue nanoparticles: A versatile strategy for electrochemical (bio)sensing

Porous Structural Microfluidic Device for Biomedical Diagnosis: A Review

“…The most outstanding feature of the microfluidic system is its ability to analyze and manipulate microliters of fluid in channels with diameters of 10–100 μm [ 41 , 42 ]. A porous structured microfluidic system with small thermal mass, high mass transfer efficiency, high specific surface area, good permeability, low relative density and high specific strength can effectively improve the flux rate and sensitivity of the device [ 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 ]. The diversity of porous materials stems from a wide range of preparation methods [ 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 ].…”

Reagent-Free Lactate Detection Using Prussian Blue and Electropolymerized-Molecularly Imprinted Polymers-Based Electrochemical Biosensors

“…The rapid advancement of biosensing, microfluidics, flexible electronics, and wireless communications technologies has led to the development of wearable biosensors for sweat analysis, − including lactate monitoring. − However, these lactate sensors predominantly incorporate enzymes such as lactate oxidase and lactate dehydrogenase, , which often face stability issues due to temperature and pH variations . As an alternative, Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIPs) have emerged as tailored synthetic molecular recognition elements, offering remarkable cost-effectiveness and superior stability.…”

Flexible, Bifunctional Sensing Platform Made with Biodegradable Mats for Detecting Glucose in Urine

“…GOx catalyzes glucose to generate hydrogen peroxide that is detected efficiently at low potentials owing to the electrodeposition of Prussian Blue (PB) nanoparticles on the SPCE. PB is a metal–organic framework containing ferric ferrocyanide whose electrocatalytic efficiency to reduce hydrogen peroxide allows the mimicking of a peroxidase enzyme. − It has been combined with oxidases to detect ethanol, cholesterol, glucose, and lactic acid in sensors and biosensors using electrochemical readout. − The sensitivity of PB-based biosensors can be enhanced by applying electrochemical potentials as PB analogous structures are formed. − Prussian white (PW), a reduced form of PB, electrocatalyzes O 2 and H 2 O 2 reduction owing to its zeolitic structure where the three-dimensional network tunnel allows for insertion/extraction of O 2 and H 2 O 2 . As we shall show, this bifunctional approach improved the long-term stability and hindered biofouling of the biosensor.…”