Porcine RIG-I and MDA5 Signaling CARD Domains Exert Similar Antiviral Function Against Different Viruses

Li, Shuangjie; Shao, Qi; Zhu, Yuanyuan; Ji, Xingyu; Luo, Jia; Xu, Yan; Liu, Xueliang; Zheng, Wanglong; Chen, Nanhua; Meurens, François; Zhu, Jianzhong

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.677634

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…RLRs play crucial roles in the protection of hosts, including protecting pigs from virus infections [ 21 ]. Here, we developed mAbs that act against porcine RLRs RIG-I, MDA5 and LGP2, which were successfully applied in various immune assays, including Western blotting, immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry, thus they are useful tools for porcine RLR research.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Specific Monoclonal Antibodies against Porcine RIG-I-like Receptors Revealed the Species Specificity

Shao

Cao

et al. 2023

IJMS

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) play critical roles in sensing and combating viral infections, particularly RNA virus infections. However, there is a dearth of research on livestock RLRs due to a lack of specific antibodies. In this study, we purified porcine RLR proteins and developed monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against porcine RLR members RIG-I, MDA5 and LGP2, for which one, one and two hybridomas were obtained, respectively. The porcine RIG-I and MDA5 mAbs each targeted the regions beyond the N-terminal CARDs domains, whereas the two LGP2 mAbs were both directed to the N-terminal helicase ATP binding domain in the Western blotting. In addition, all of the porcine RLR mAbs recognized the corresponding cytoplasmic RLR proteins in the immunofluorescence and immunochemistry assays. Importantly, both RIG-I and MDA5 mAbs are porcine specific, without demonstrating any cross-reactions with the human counterparts. As for the two LGP2 mAbs, one is porcine specific, whereas another one reacts with both porcine and human LGP2. Thus, our study not only provides useful tools for porcine RLR antiviral signaling research, but also reveals the porcine species specificity, giving significant insights into porcine innate immunity and immune biology.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Specific Monoclonal Antibodies against Porcine RIG-I-like Receptors Revealed the Species Specificity

Shao

Cao

et al. 2023

IJMS

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Another member of the of RIG-I like receptors family, LGP2, appears to support RV replication, unlike RIG-I and MDA5 [ 81 ]. LGP2 receptors lack CARD domains (caspase-recruitment domains) found in RIG-I and MDA5 and hence cannot utilize MAVS signaling pathway [ 89 , 90 ]. LGP2 has a dual role of a negative and positive regulator of RIG-I/MDA5 signaling.…”

Section: Immune Responses To Rotavirus Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rotavirus Infection in Swine: Genotypic Diversity, Immune Responses, and Role of Gut Microbiome in Rotavirus Immunity

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rotaviruses (RVs) are endemic in swine populations, and all swine herds certainly have a history of RV infection and circulation. Rotavirus A (RVA) and C (RVC) are the most common among all RV species reported in swine. RVA was considered most prevalent and pathogenic in swine; however, RVC has been emerging as a significant cause of enteritis in newborn piglets. RV eradication from swine herds is not practically achievable, hence producers’ mainly focus on minimizing the production impact of RV infections by reducing mortality and diarrhea. Since no intra-uterine passage of immunoglobulins occur in swine during gestation, newborn piglets are highly susceptible to RV infection at birth. Boosting lactogenic immunity in gilts by using vaccines and natural planned exposure (NPE) is currently the only way to prevent RV infections in piglets. RVs are highly diverse and multiple RV species have been reported from swine, which also contributes to the difficulties in preventing RV diarrhea in swine herds. Human RV-gut microbiome studies support a link between microbiome composition and oral RV immunogenicity. Such information is completely lacking for RVs in swine. It is not known how RV infection affects the functionality or structure of gut microbiome in swine. In this review, we provide a detailed overview of genotypic diversity of swine RVs, host-ranges, innate and adaptive immune responses to RVs, homotypic and heterotypic immunity to RVs, current methods used for RV management in swine herds, role of maternal immunity in piglet protection, and prospects of investigating swine gut microbiota in providing immunity against rotaviruses.

show abstract

“…Interspecies genetic diversity study illuminates the broad evolutionary history of genes. It can be used to identify protein sites or domains that interact directly with viral components or provide an explanation for antiviral specificity (14). When a host interacts with a virus, a dynamic arms race occurs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Positive Selection Drives the Adaptive Evolution of Mitochondrial Antiviral Signaling (MAVS) Proteins-Mediating Innate Immunity in Mammals

Ahmad

Afzal

Iqbal³

et al. 2022

Front. Vet. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The regulated production of filamentous protein complexes is essential in many biological processes and provides a new paradigm in signal transmission. The mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) is a critical signaling hub in innate immunity that is activated when a receptor induces a shift in the globular caspase activation and recruitment domain of MAVS into helical superstructures (filaments). It is of interest whether adaptive evolution affects the proteins involved in innate immunity. Here, we explore and confer the role of selection and diversification on mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein in mammalian species. We obtined the MAVS proteins of mammalian species and examined their differences in evolutionary patterns. We discovered evidence for these proteins being subjected to substantial positive selection. We demonstrate that immune system proteins, particularly those encoding recognition proteins, develop under positive selection using codon-based probability methods. Positively chosen regions within recognition proteins cluster in domains involved in microorganism recognition, implying that molecular interactions between hosts and pathogens may promote adaptive evolution in the mammalian immune systems. These significant variations in MAVS development in mammalian species highlights the involvement of MAVS in innate immunity. Our findings highlight the significance of accounting for how non-synonymous alterations affect structure and function when employing sequence-level studies to determine and quantify positive selection.

show abstract

Porcine RIG-I and MDA5 Signaling CARD Domains Exert Similar Antiviral Function Against Different Viruses

Cited by 6 publications

References 25 publications

Development of Specific Monoclonal Antibodies against Porcine RIG-I-like Receptors Revealed the Species Specificity

Development of Specific Monoclonal Antibodies against Porcine RIG-I-like Receptors Revealed the Species Specificity

Rotavirus Infection in Swine: Genotypic Diversity, Immune Responses, and Role of Gut Microbiome in Rotavirus Immunity

Positive Selection Drives the Adaptive Evolution of Mitochondrial Antiviral Signaling (MAVS) Proteins-Mediating Innate Immunity in Mammals

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About