Population situation and trends in Baltic countries

Abstract

The aim of this article is to study population situation and trends within the Baltic countries, exactly to say in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. The main objective is to find out if political changes during new history (such as the situation during disintegration of SSSR, getting the independence, joining to EU and staying in it), had influence on population situation in the Baltic countries. Other assignments in this work refer to mutual comparison of population indicators and establishing of similarities and differences among the Baltic countries. They are initiated by facts that these countries have similar physical geographical characteristics and social historical context during new history, but different size of population and ethnogenetic origin. Part of this work tells us about projections of inhabitants given till the year 2100. The results of the research are got by using analytic and synthetic method for data interpreting which are found at official demographic publications. The main contribution of this work is to expand knowledge about population in the Baltic countries in order to complete the picture about demographic characteristics of the European region within 20th into 21st century. The results of the research show that there are more similarities between Latvia and Estonia comparing with populous Lithuania.

Historical Contribution of Pharmaceutics to Botany and Pharmacognosy Development

“…The use of plants in the treatment originates from the distant past. The herbage cultivation skill developed in all nations and has been preserved, somewhere more, somewhere less, as traditional or folk therapy, as popularly called, to this day ( 5 , 6 , 7 ). Pharmaceutical activity exists since there is a man.…”

“…They collected the fruits of wild, wild trees ( 2 ). Evidence on the use of hazelnuts, apples and sweet cherries was found in discovered Neolithic European mansions ( 5 , 6 ). Basics of Babylonian-Assyrian pharmacotherapy written in cuneiform were herbal drugs for internal use and ointments for exterior use.…”

“…He provided the principles of medical practice and laid the foundations for further development of medicine, but also wrote on the healing properties of beans (Phaseolus), peas (Pisum), millet (Panicummiliaceum), lentil (Ervumlens), linseed (SemenLine), sage (Salvia), lupine (Lupinus), cucumber seed (Semen Cucumissativi), sesame, wild saffron (Carthamus) and poppy seed (Papaver). Hippocrates used in its practice of treatment the garlic (Alliumsativum), mustard (Sinapis), the mountain clover, sheep’s sorrel (Rumex acetosella), the cabbage (Brassica), mint (Mentha pulegium), the origano (Origanum vulgare) and the radish (Raphanus sativus) ( 5 ).…”

“…He has written many books, two of which are the most important “Decausisplantarum” and “Dehistoriaplantarum” (a collection of ten books), which contain description and morphology of plants. Theophrastus first mentions fern (Filix) as medicine against worms ( 5 ).…”

Legal historical dimension of social sciences

“…Izvedena je iz latinske reči directum (čiji je koren isti sa drugim latinskim rečima: regerevladati, rexvladar, regnumvlada ili vlast, regula-pravilo.) Ove reči ukazuju na pravilo ponašanja, povezane su sa idejom vlasti, ali ne i sa sadržinom prava (Lukić, Košutić, 2006). Društvena zajednica ne može da obezbedi svoje postojanje, funkcionisanje i opstanak, bez društvenih pravila, a s obzirom na njenu složenost, postoji mnoštvo tih pravila.…”