POPULATION GENETICS OF<i>TIGRIOPUS CALIFORNICUS</i>. II. DIFFERENTIATION AMONG NEIGHBORING POPULATIONS

Burton, Ronald S.; Feldman, Marcus W.

doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.1981.tb04989.x

Cited by 75 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This is especially the case during early stages of the life cycles of these types of organisms and, in particular, considering the strong genetic structure of intermediate host populations (Burton and Feldman, 1981;Jarne and Théron, 2001) and the probable low mobility of the cercariae, even in marine environments. In addition to the effects associated with asexual reproduction, the fact that only a small proportion of the parasite population reaches the definitive host reduces the effective population size and, if spatial gene flow is low, accounts for a large degree of structuring among populations through genetic drift.…”

Section: Literature Citedmentioning

confidence: 98%

A New Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction Method Very Efficient in Detecting Plasmodium and Haemoproteus Infections From Avian Blood

Waldenström

Bensch

Hasselquist

et al. 2004

Journal of Parasitology

426

387

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Recently, several polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methods for detection and genetic identification of haemosporidian parasites in avian blood have been developed. Most of these have considerably higher sensitivity compared with traditional microscope-based examinations of blood smears. These new methods have already had a strong impact on several aspects of research on avian blood parasites. In this study, we present a new nested PCR approach, building on a previously published PCR method, which has significantly improved performance. We compare the new method with some existing assays and show, by sequence-based data, that the higher detection rate is mainly due to superior detection of Plasmodium spp. infections, which often are of low intensity and, therefore, hard to detect with other methods.

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Section: Literature Citedmentioning

confidence: 98%

A New Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction Method Very Efficient in Detecting Plasmodium and Haemoproteus Infections From Avian Blood

Waldenström

Bensch

Hasselquist

et al. 2004

Journal of Parasitology

426

387

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show abstract

“…This sharp focus on gene flow has provided insight into the potential for population divergence and speciation, which also has important implications for the preservation, protection, and management of threatened populations, species, and ecosystems (Larson et al 1984;Slatkin 1985Slatkin , 1987Avise 2004;Palumbi 1994Palumbi , 2003Roderick 1996;Koenig et al 1996;Bossart and Prowell 1998;Waples 1998;Bohonak 1999;Hare 2001;Mora and Sale 2002;Kinlan and Gaines 2003;Lowe and Allendorf 2010). Given the high density of water, rapid speed of ocean currents, and high fecundity of marine species (combined with the fact that most marine organisms spend significant time in a pelagic larval stage), marine biogeographers have been particularly passionate about understanding gene flow, creating a massive literature that includes[3 review papers per decade focused at least in part on the relationship between gene flow and genetic differentiation in the sea (e.g., Gooch 1975;Crisp 1978;Burton and Feldman 1981;Palumbi 1992Palumbi , 1994Bohonak 1999;Waples 1998;Grosberg and Cunningham 2001;Hellberg et al 2002;Hellberg 2006Hellberg , 2009Hart and Marko 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrospective coalescent methods and the reconstruction of metapopulation histories in the sea

Marko

Hart

2011

Evol Ecol

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Phylogeographic analyses are a key interface between ecological and evolutionary ways of knowing because such analyses integrate the cumulative effects of demographic (ecological) processes over geological (evolutionary) time scales. Newly developed coalescent methods allow evolutionary ecologists to overcome some limitations associated with inferring population history from classic methods such as Wright's F ST .Here we briefly contrast classic and coalescent methods for looking backward in time through a population genetic lens, focusing on the key advantages of the isolation-withmigration (IM) class of coalescent methods for distinguishing ancient connectedness from actual recurrent contemporary gene flow as causes of genetic similarity or differentiation among populations. Making this critical distinction can lead to the discovery of otherwise obscured histories underlying conventional patterns of spatial variation. We illustrate the importance of these insights using analyses of Pacific fishes, snails, and sea stars in which population sizes and divergence times are more important than rates of contemporary gene flow as determinants of population genetic differentiation. We then extend the IM method to genetic data from two model metapopulation species (California abalone, Australian damselfish). The analyses show the potential use of non-equilibrium IM methods for differentiating among metapopulation models that make different predictions about population parameters and have different implications for the design of marine protected areas and other conservation goals. At face value, the results largely rule out classic metapopulation dynamics (dominated by extinction and colonization rather than connectivity via ongoing recurrent gene flow) but, at the same time, do not strongly support a modern marine metapopulation dynamic (ecologically significant connectivity between demes). However, the results also highlight the need for much more data (i.e., loci) sampled on different spatial scales in order to determine whether metapopulation dynamics might exist on smaller scales than are typically sampled by most phylogeographers and landscape geneticists.

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“…This copepod occurs in distinct populations in spatially separated splash pools in the rocky intertidal on the Pacific coast of North America. Populations of T. californicus show substantial genetic divergence from one another even at fine scales (Burton and Feldman 1981;Burton 1998;Edmands 2001). In crosses in the laboratory between most populations for a variety of fitness measures (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

No evidence for faster male hybrid sterility in population crosses of an intertidal copepod (Tigriopus californicus)

Willett

2007

Genetica

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Two different forces are thought to contribute to the rapid accumulation of hybrid male sterility that has been observed in many inter-specific crosses, namely the faster male and the dominance theories. For male heterogametic taxa, both faster male and dominance would work in the same direction to cause the rapid evolution of male sterility; however, for taxa lacking differentiated sex chromosomes only the faster male theory would explain the rapid evolution of male hybrid sterility. It is currently unknown what causes the faster evolution of male sterility, but increased sexual selection on males and the sensitivity of genes involved in male reproduction are two hypotheses that could explain the observation. Here, patterns of hybrid sterility in crosses of genetically divergent copepod populations are examined to test potential mechanisms of faster male evolution. The study species, Tigriopus californicus, lacks differentiated, hemizygous sex chromosomes and appears to have low levels of divergence caused by sexual selection acting upon males. Hybrid sterility does not accumulate more rapidly in males than females in these crosses suggesting that in this taxon male reproductive genes are not inherently more prone to disruption in hybrids.

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POPULATION GENETICS OFTIGRIOPUS CALIFORNICUS. II. DIFFERENTIATION AMONG NEIGHBORING POPULATIONS

Cited by 75 publications

References 12 publications

A New Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction Method Very Efficient in Detecting Plasmodium and Haemoproteus Infections From Avian Blood

A New Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction Method Very Efficient in Detecting Plasmodium and Haemoproteus Infections From Avian Blood

Retrospective coalescent methods and the reconstruction of metapopulation histories in the sea

No evidence for faster male hybrid sterility in population crosses of an intertidal copepod (Tigriopus californicus)

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