Population eye health education using augmented reality and virtual reality: scalable tools during and beyond COVID-19

Gunasekeran, Dinesh Visva; Low, Rebecca; Gunasekeran, Ruvendren; Chan, Benedict; Ong, Hong Ya; Raje, Dhananjay; Mi, Helen; Pavésio, Carlos; Nguyen, Quan Dong; Agrawal, Rupesh

doi:10.1136/bmjinnov-2020-000522

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Although the majority of the time CS symptoms stop upon termination of the exposure, there are reported long-lasting effects in some individuals 87 . However, it should be noted that studies that applied VR/AR technologies addressed both the risk of motion sickness and the subsequent risk of falls and did not report any adverse outcomes 88 . Further research is needed to elucidate the real risk of CS and sources of these motion sickness–like symptoms so that VR/AR developers can find ways to mitigate this.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality in Ophthalmology: A Contemporary Prospective

Iskander

Ogunsola

Ramachandran

et al. 2021

Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology

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Purpose: Most published systematic reviews have focused on the use of virtual reality (VR)/augmented reality (AR) technology in ophthalmology as it relates to surgical training. To date, this is the first review that investigates the current state of VR/AR technology applied more broadly to the entire field of ophthalmology. Methods: PubMed, Embase, and CINAHL databases were searched systematically from January 2014 through December 1, 2020. Studies that discussed VR and/or AR as it relates to the field of ophthalmology and provided information on the technology used were considered. Abstracts, non–peer-reviewed literature, review articles, studies that reported only qualitative data, and studies without English translations were excluded. Results: A total of 77 studies were included in this review. Of these, 28 evaluated the use of VR/AR in ophthalmic surgical training/assessment and guidance, 7 in clinical training, 23 in diagnosis/screening, and 19 in treatment/therapy. 15 studies used AR, 61 used VR, and 1 used both. Most studies focused on the validity and usability of novel technologies. Conclusions: Ophthalmology is a field of medicine that is well suited for the use of VR/AR. However, further longitudinal studies examining the practical feasibility, efficacy, and safety of such novel technologies, the cost-effectiveness, and medical/legal considerations are still needed. We believe that time will indeed foster further technological advances and lead to widespread use of VR/AR in routine ophthalmic practice.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality in Ophthalmology: A Contemporary Prospective

Iskander

Ogunsola

Ramachandran

et al. 2021

Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology

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“…Patients had significantly improved their understanding about glaucoma and the importance of eye screening after using these immersive tools in EyeCU, which further enables scalable remote health education. 61 These applications can have a range of applications ranging from helping patients understand disease progression and visual aberrations or symptoms that should prompt clinical review. The latter may be a particularly useful application for the Metaverse whereby patients newly diagnosed with eye diseases in a virtual consultation or community screening during the pandemic can be educated remotely.…”

Section: Educationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the general population, studies have indicated that VR and AR can be effective for education on eye health. Patients had significantly improved their understanding about glaucoma and the importance of eye screening after using these immersive tools in EyeCU, which further enables scalable remote health education 61 . These applications can have a range of applications ranging from helping patients understand disease progression and visual aberrations or symptoms that should prompt clinical review.…”

Section: Potential Uses In Ophthalmologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Metaverse and Virtual Health Care in Ophthalmology: Opportunities and Challenges

Tan

Lim

et al. 2022

Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology

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113

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The outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 has further increased the urgent need for digital transformation within the health care settings, with the use of artificial intelligence/deep learning, internet of things, telecommunication network/virtual platform, and blockchain. The recent advent of metaverse, an interconnected online universe, with the synergistic combination of augmented, virtual, and mixed reality described several years ago, presents a new era of immersive and realtime experiences to enhance human-to-human social interaction and connection. In health care and ophthalmology, the creation of virtual environment with three-dimensional (3D) space and avatar, could be particularly useful in patient-fronting platforms (eg, telemedicine platforms), operational uses (eg, meeting organization), digital education (eg, simulated medical and surgical education), diagnostics, and therapeutics. On the other hand, the implementation and adoption of these emerging virtual health care technologies will require multipronged approaches to ensure interoperability with real-world virtual clinical settings, userfriendliness of the technologies and clinical efficiencies while complying to the clinical, health economics, regulatory, and cybersecurity standards. To serve the urgent need, it is important for the eye community to continue to innovate, invent, adapt, and harness the unique abilities of virtual health care technology to provide better eye care worldwide.

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“…Whilst tertiary centres may be overburdened by pandemic response, eye care could be decentralised to other institutions such as primary care doctors, optometrists or satellite ophthalmology clinics. Patients with stable eye conditions may also be taught to monitor their eye health through various means especially with the advent of many home monitoring devices such as home tonometers or tablet perimetry applications [20,21]. Imaging conducted at primary healthcare centres or satellite clinics such as those conducted for diabetic retinopathy screening programmes [22] may be useful to pick up other retinal diseases, although anterior segment assessment may be limited [23].…”

Section: Decentralised Ophthalmic Care and Teleophthalmologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Eye Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Report on Patients’ Perceptions and Experiences, an Asian Perspective

et al. 2021

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Introduction To elucidate the perceptions on eye care of patients affected by the disruption of outpatient and surgical ophthalmological services during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey was conducted during the reopening of outpatient services at two tertiary eye care centres in Singapore and North India. Consecutive patients were recruited from general and specialist eye clinics in June 2020. Results A total of 326 patients were recruited, 200 patients from Singapore and 126 patients from New Delhi, India. The most common eye conditions were diabetic retinopathy and uveitis or ocular inflammatory conditions in the Indian centre, whereas the most common in the Singaporean centre were cataract in the pre- or postoperative stage and glaucoma. For patients from the Indian centre, 61.9% felt that COVID-19 had negatively impacted their eye disease, 58.7% were more distressed by their eye disease, 70.8% could not access appropriate eye care, 66.6% were afraid of contracting COVID-19 in the clinic, and 61.9% were accepting of teleconsultations. For patients from the Singaporean centre, 13.5% felt that COVID-19 had negatively impacted their eye disease, 19.5% were more distressed by their eye disease, 21.5% could not access appropriate eye care, 35% were afraid of contracting COVID-19 in the clinic, and only 31% were accepting of teleconsultations. Conclusion Patients from India appear to have been more negatively affected by the pandemic compared to patients from Singapore. This study highlights patients’ perceptions of the impact of COVID-19 on eye care, perceived risks, ease of access to care and attitudes towards eye care during the pandemic. Patients’ perceptions are integral in developing strategies for the best care possible. There were heterogeneous responses amongst our patients; hence, there may be a role for more individualized healthcare strategies in the future. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40123-021-00444-0.

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Population eye health education using augmented reality and virtual reality: scalable tools during and beyond COVID-19

Cited by 13 publications

References 15 publications

Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality in Ophthalmology: A Contemporary Prospective

Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality in Ophthalmology: A Contemporary Prospective

Metaverse and Virtual Health Care in Ophthalmology: Opportunities and Challenges

Eye Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Report on Patients’ Perceptions and Experiences, an Asian Perspective

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