Population Dynamics of Weeds in No-Tillage and Conventional Crop Systems

Machado, Aroldo Ferreira Lopes; Jakelaitis, Adriano; Ferreira, Lino Roberto; Agnes, E. L.; Santos, L.D. Tuffi

doi:10.1081/pfc-200034259

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…De acordo com Freitas et al (1997), o glyphosate apresenta boa ação no controle da tiririca, pois pode translocar até os tubérculos próximos ao bulbo basal, o que tem proporcionado redução significativa na rebrota após sua aplicação. No caso em que cultivadores e a capina com enxada são usados no manejo de plantas daninh as em sis tem as orgânicos de produção, a infestação de espé-cies de ciperáceas pode ser problemática devido à maior propagação pela divisão dos tubércu-los, assim como observado por Jakelaitis et al (2003) e Machado et al (2005).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Dinâmica populacional de plantas daninhas em cultivo de milho-verde nos sistemas orgânico e tradicional

Melo

Santos

2007

Planta daninha

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RESUMO -Objetivou-se neste trabalho estudar a dinâmica populacional de plantas daninhas no cultivo de milho-verde nos sistemas orgânico e tradicional. Esta pesquisa foi realizada no ano agrícola 2003/2004, usando o sistema de semeadura direta na palha. Os tratamentos, em arranjo fatorial 4 x 2, constituíram-se de quatro doses e fontes de nutrientes: SA -sem adubação; AM1 -adubação mineral na dose de 150 kg ha -1 da fórmula 8-28-16 + 50 kg de N ha -1 em cobertura; AM2 -adubação mineral na dose de 300 kg ha -1 da fórmula 8-28-16 + 100 kg de N ha -1 em cobertura; e AO -adubação com composto orgânico na dose de 40 m 3 ha -1 aplicado sobre a palha 10 dias após a semeadura, combinados com dois cultivares de milho (UFVM 100 e AG 1051). Para o estudo fitossociológico, as plantas daninhas foram avaliadas no estádio de quatro folhas completas das plantas do milho, antes da aplicação do herbicida em pós-emergência ou do primeiro corte das plantas daninhas com a ceifadora. As espécies Jaegeria hirta, Artemisia verlotorum, Bidens pilosa, Cyperus rotundus e Ipomoea grandifolia apresentaram as maiores freqüências na área. Bidens pilosa apresentou a maior importância relativa, independentemente dos sistemas de produção. As práticas culturais utilizadas no cultivo de milho-verde, sob sistema orgânico, foram eficientes no manejo das plantas daninhas quando da adoção de cobertura do solo com palha de aveia-preta. Palavras-chave:Zea mays, aveia-preta, produtividade de milho-verde, manejo de plantas daninhas. (UFVM 100-Nativo and AG 1051). For the phytosociological study, the weeds were evaluated when reaching the stage of four complete leaves, before post-emergence herbicide application and first weed cut. The species Jaegeria hirta, Artemisia verlotorum, Bidens pilosa, Cyperus rotundus and Ipomoea grandifolia were the most frequent in the area. Bidens pilosa showed higher relative importance, regardless of the green corn growth system. The management practices used for green corn cultivation under the organic system were efficient in weed management when soil cover with Avena strigosa straw was adopted. ABSTRACT -This work aimed to study the weed population dynamics in green corn

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Section: Resultsunclassified

Dinâmica populacional de plantas daninhas em cultivo de milho-verde nos sistemas orgânico e tradicional

Melo

Santos

2007

Planta daninha

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“…When rakes and hoes are used for weed control in organic production systems, the infestation of Cyperaceae species can be a problem because of the increased propagation by dividing the tubers, as observed by Jakelaitis et al (2003) and Machado et al (2005).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population density and weed infestation in organic no-tillage corn cropping system under different soil covers

et al. 2014

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-Currently, one of the biggest challenges faced by organic no-tillage farming is weed control. Thus, the use of cropping practices that help in the control of weeds is extremely important. The objective of this study was to evaluate population density and level of weed infestation in an organic no-tillage corn cropping system under different soil covers. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with six repetitions and five treatments, consisting of three soil covers in an organic no-tillage system, and an organic and a conventional system, both without soil cover. The treatments with soil cover used a grass species represented by the black oat, a leguminous species represented by the white lupine, and intercropping between both species. Corn was sown with spacing of 1.0 m between rows and 0.20 m between plants, using the commercial hybrid AG 1051. Infestation in corn was evaluated at stages V5 and V10, and weed density was evaluated at stage V5. The use of black oat straw alone or intercropped with white lupine, in the organic no-tillage corn cropping system, reduced the percentage of weed infestation and absolute weed density. Managementintensive systems and systems without soil cover showed higher relative densities for species Oxalis spp., Galinsoga quadriradiata and Stachys arvensis. The species Cyperus rotundus showed the highest relative density on organic no-tillage corn cropping systems. Black oat straw in the organic no-tillage cropping system limited the productive potential of corn. Keywords

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“…Currently experienced expansion of agricultural land under reduced or no-tillage management is primarily driven by the need to reduce soil erosion (P. L. O. D. Machado & Silva 2001). Upon reducing soil tillage, alternative ways to control weeds, such as application of herbicides, must be established (A. E L. Machado et al 2005).…”

Section: Soil Tillagementioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of agricultural practices on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

2006

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form symbiotic associations with the majority of land plants, including many important agricultural crops. These fungi facilitate plant nutrient uptake, promote soil aggregation and use a significant portion of reduced carbon from the plants. AMF functional traits differ considerably among and within species, meaning that functional properties of a mycorrhizal community depend on its composition. Here we review studies exploring the effects of agricultural practices such as tillage, crop rotation, fertilization, pesticide application, irrigation and grazing on AMF communities. Although it is difficult to generalize the results of studies performed under different soil and climatic conditions, some universal patterns emerge. For example, soil tillage reduces the abundance of Scutellospora spp.; phosphorus fertilization lowers the extent of AMF root colonization; and diversification of crops results in more diverse AMF communities. We now need to design simple and reliable field tests for quantifying the effects of AMF communities on crop growth, yields and sustainability of the agro-ecosystems.

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Population Dynamics of Weeds in No-Tillage and Conventional Crop Systems

Cited by 12 publications

References 6 publications

Dinâmica populacional de plantas daninhas em cultivo de milho-verde nos sistemas orgânico e tradicional

Dinâmica populacional de plantas daninhas em cultivo de milho-verde nos sistemas orgânico e tradicional

Population density and weed infestation in organic no-tillage corn cropping system under different soil covers

The effects of agricultural practices on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

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