Population density and efficiency in energy consumption: An empirical analysis of service establishments

Morikawa, Masayuki

doi:10.1016/j.eneco.2012.01.004

Cited by 90 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Glaeser and Kahn (2010) find that large, dense cities in the US produce fewer GHG emissions. Morikawa (2013) finds that dense cities in Japan produce lower per capita energy consumption in the service sector, and Blaudin de Thé and Lafourcade (2016) show that residents of low density suburban households use more gasoline for driving. Larson and Yezer (2015) study the effect of city size on energy use in a simulation model, finding that per capita energy use does not change with city size.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollution and city size: can cities be too small?

Borck

Tabuchi

2018

Journal of Economic Geography

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We study optimal and equilibrium sizes of cities in a city system model with pollution. Pollution is a function of population size. If pollution is local or per-capita pollution increases with population, equilibrium cities are too large under symmetry; with asymmetric cities, the largest cities are too large and the smallest too small. When pollution is global and per-capita pollution declines with city size, cities may be too small under symmetry; with asymmetric cities, the largest cities are too small and the smallest too large if the marginal damage of pollution is large enough. We calibrate the model to US cities and find that the largest cities may be undersized by 3–4%.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollution and city size: can cities be too small?

Borck

Tabuchi

2018

Journal of Economic Geography

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“…Considering traffic congestion and highway density as part of the urban structure, Su showed that population density negatively affects household gasoline consumption. Morikawa [25] and Otsuka and Goto [26,27] examined the effect of population density on energy efficiency and demonstrated that energy efficiency improved when the population density increased.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of efficiency in residential electricity demand: stochastic frontier analysis on Japan

Otsuka

2017

Energ Sustain Soc

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Background: Rapidly increasing residential electricity demand has made raising energy efficiency an important policy issue in controlling electricity demand. Methods: This study uses a stochastic frontier model to estimate the residential electricity demand function and analyse electricity energy efficiency levels and their determinants using regional data on Japan. Results: The results confirm the importance of household dwelling types for determining the electricity energy efficiency. Specifically, the findings suggest that household size and floor area are key to electricity savings, but the ageing Japanese society shows a limited relationship with electricity savings. Further, promoting living in areas where the population has aggregated also results in electricity savings. Conclusions: The findings suggest that forming urbanised cities and realising multi-polarisation-type national spatial developments might improve electricity energy efficiency and stimulate regional economies.

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“…The study considered traffic congestion and highway density as part of the urban structure, and showed that population density negatively affected household petrol consumption. Morikawa () looked at the service sector in Japan and examined the effect of population density on energy efficiency. He demonstrated that the energy efficiency improved by about 12 per cent when the population density doubled.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation and determinants of energy efficiency in Japanese regional economies

Otsuka

Goto

2015

Regional Science Policy & Practice

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In response to increased environmental constraints, it has become an important policy issue for Japan to improve energy efficiency for the future, along with the growth of regional economies. This paper uses a stochastic frontier model to estimate the energy demand function and analyse the levels and determinants of energy efficiency. The empirical analysis conducted by using data from 47 prefectures in Japan revealed the following four findings. First, the proposed energy efficiency measure (calculated using the stochastic frontier model) is found to be effective, as its ranking is highly correlated with that of energy intensity. Second, increasing population density is effective in improving energy efficiency. Third, improving regional accessibility by developing a highway network helps to improve the energy efficiency in Japan. Fourth, the level of energy efficiency is deteriorating in areas where raw material industries are clustered. These results indicate that the means to increasing both economic productivity and environmental efficiency are to implement a regional decentralization policy by creating major urban areas across the nation and expand a wide-area transportation network to link these areas. In addition, the promotion of technological innovations through appropriate environmental regulations is important to advance such regional policies.JEL classification: Q40, Q50, R10

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Population density and efficiency in energy consumption: An empirical analysis of service establishments

Cited by 90 publications

References 22 publications

Pollution and city size: can cities be too small?

Pollution and city size: can cities be too small?

Determinants of efficiency in residential electricity demand: stochastic frontier analysis on Japan

Estimation and determinants of energy efficiency in Japanese regional economies

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