Population Carrier Screening: Psychological Impact

Abstract

The psychological consequences of carrier screening for genetic conditions can include impacts on self‐efficacy, self‐concept, anxiety and understanding. Studies suggest that individuals’ willingness to undergo screening and their psychological responses to screening are variable, influenced by factors relating to programme design, presentation of information and the awareness and understanding of the condition/s for which screening is being offered. The integration of education and genetic counselling into screening programmes can facilitate informed decision‐making and positive adjustment to carrier status thus minimising the potential for negative psychosocial impacts. This will become increasingly important as advances in genetic testing technology broaden the scope of population‐based screening. Key Concepts: Limited public knowledge and awareness of genetic conditions poses challenges for individuals’ decision‐making regarding population‐based carrier screening. The design of a screening programme can have an important influence on uptake of the genetic test. Genetic counselling can play an integral role in facilitating informed decision‐making about screening and empowering individuals to adjust and adapt to a carrier result. It is necessary to incorporate creative modes of educating individuals who are considering screening regarding the conditions for which testing is being offered.