Poorer maternal diet quality and increased birth weight*

Grandy, Madeline; Snowden, Jonathan M.; Boone‐Heinonen, Janne; Purnell, Jonathan Q.; Thornburg, Kent L.; Marshall, Nicole

doi:10.1080/14767058.2017.1322949

Cited by 29 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…The characteristics of observational studies are presented in Supplemental Table 3 . They were published from 1995 to 2018 and the majority were prospective cohorts ( n = 32) (14–27, 29, 31, 36–47, 49, 51), with the rest having case–control (35), cross-sectional (50), retrospective (28, 48), and mixed retrospective and prospective cohort design (30). Sample sizes ranged from 35 to 72,072, with participants of mean age 21–33 y and prepregnancy BMI 20–30 kg/m 2 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Dietary Patterns and Birth Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Chia¹,

Chen

Lai

et al. 2019

Advances in Nutrition

157

129

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Findings on the relations of maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy and risk of preterm birth and offspring birth size remain inconclusive. We aimed to systematically review and quantify these associations. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, and CINAHL up to December 2017. Three authors independently conducted a literature search, study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment. Summary effect sizes were calculated with random effects models and studies were summarized narratively if results could not be pooled. We included 36 studies and pooled results from 25 observational studies (167,507 participants). Two common dietary patterns—“healthy” and “unhealthy”—were identified. Healthy dietary patterns—characterized by high intakes of vegetables, fruits, wholegrains, low-fat dairy, and lean protein foods—were associated with lower risk of preterm birth (OR for top compared with bottom tertile: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.68, 0.91; I2 = 32%) and a weak trend towards a lower risk of small-for-gestational-age (OR: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.73, 1.01; I2 = 34%). Only statistically data-driven healthy dietary patterns, and not dietary index-based patterns, were associated with higher birth weight (mean difference: 67 g; 95% CI: 37, 96 g; I2 = 75%). Unhealthy dietary patterns—characterized by high intakes of refined grains, processed meat, and foods high in saturated fat or sugar—were associated with lower birth weight (mean difference: −40 g; 95% CI: −61, −20 g; I2 = 0%) and a trend towards a higher risk of preterm birth (OR: 1.17; 95% CI: 0.99, 1.39; I2 = 76%). Data from observational studies indicate that greater adherence to healthy dietary patterns during pregnancy is significantly related to lower risk of preterm birth. No consistent associations with birth weight and small- or large-for-gestational-age were observed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Dietary Patterns and Birth Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Chia¹,

Chen

Lai

et al. 2019

Advances in Nutrition

157

129

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A recent meta-analysis reported that a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and fish combined with lower intakes of red and/or processed meats and high-fat dairy products was associated with a lower risk of gestational diabetes [14]. Moreover, poorer diet quality during pregnancy has been associated with birthweight and neonatal adiposity [13,15]. However, in these studies, diet quality was not assessed at each trimester of pregnancy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trimester-Specific Assessment of Diet Quality in a Sample of Canadian Pregnant Women

Savard

Lemieux

Carbonneau

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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The present study aimed to (1) examine changes in diet quality throughout pregnancy and (2) identify maternal characteristics associated with trimester-specific diet quality. Pregnant women (n = 79) were recruited in their 1st trimester of pregnancy and completed, at each trimester, three web-based 24-hour dietary recalls, from which the Canadian Healthy Eating Index (HEI) was calculated. Physical activity, nutrition knowledge, and socio-demographic web-questionnaires were also completed. Although no variation in total HEI scores was observed across trimesters, we found an overall decrease in the following subscores: adequacy, total fruits and vegetables, unsaturated fats and saturated fats (p < 0.05). In the 1st trimester, overweight and obese pregnant women had a lower diet quality in comparison with normal-weight and underweight women (HEI scores: 63.1 ± 11.9 vs. 68.0 ± 9.3; p = 0.04). In the 3rd trimester, women younger than 28 years old, with no university degree, poorer nutrition knowledge and who reside in an urban setting, had a lower diet quality (p < 0.05). In conclusion, less educated, younger women who reside in an urban setting may be at a higher risk of poor diet quality in late pregnancy and could benefit from public health programs.

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“…In a small pilot study (n = 41) assessing dietary quality and fetal growth using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI‐2010), which is formulated based on the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, a 10‐point lower HEI‐2010 score was associated with 200 g higher infant birthweight . In contrast, an American study (n = 893) found that when dietary quality was assessed in the third trimester using the Alternative Healthy Eating Index for Pregnancy and the Alternate Mediterranean Diet, there was no relation with neonatal outcomes at birth, including birthweight and SGA …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing maternal dietary quality in early pregnancy in the programming of intrauterine fetal growth

Kennedy¹,

Reynolds

O’Malley

et al. 2019

Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand

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Introduction It is established globally that a healthy maternal diet during pregnancy is important in programming fetal growth and development. The assessment of maternal dietary intake, however, is challenging both in clinical practice and in research studies. The aim of this study was to compare three individual dietary quality scores in early pregnancy based on European, American and World Health Organization (WHO) nutrient recommendations for the identification of suboptimal fetal growth. Material and methods Women were recruited conveniently at their first antenatal hospital visit and completed a supervised 4‐day diet history. The results were dichotomized into those women meeting and those not meeting macronutrient and micronutrient recommendations from the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), WHO and the Institute of Medicine (USA). Composite nutrient scores were derived. The relation between the three individual dietary scores in early pregnancy and subsequent birthweight and small‐for‐gestational‐age was compared using regression analyses. Results Of the 202 women, the mean age was 32.2 (SD 5.0) years and 44.6% were nulliparas. The mean dietary quality scores were: EFSA 9.4 (SD 3.1), WHO 8.5 (SD 3.7) and USA 9.6 (SD 3.6). On multivariable regression, there was a positive relationship between the EFSA (β = 44.7, 95% CI 17.0‐72.4, P = 0.002), WHO (β = 39.2, 95% CI 17.2‐61.1, P = 0.001), and USA (β = 40.0 95% CI 17.6‐62.3, P = 0.001) score and birthweight. All 3 scores were positively associated with birthweight centiles. However, only those in the lowest quartile of the EFSA score were more likely to be small‐for‐gestational‐age (odds ratio 2.8, 95% CI 1.1‐7.4, P = 0.03). Conclusions This study found that a dietary quality score based on European nutrient recommendations was better than other international recommendations at identifying in early pregnancy those women at risk of suboptimal fetal growth.

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Poorer maternal diet quality and increased birth weight*

Abstract: Poorer third trimester maternal diet quality was associated with higher birth weight and longer length, but was unrelated to markers of infant adiposity. GWG was independent of third trimester maternal diet composition and quality.

Cited by 29 publications

References 47 publications

Maternal Dietary Patterns and Birth Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Maternal Dietary Patterns and Birth Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Trimester-Specific Assessment of Diet Quality in a Sample of Canadian Pregnant Women

Assessing maternal dietary quality in early pregnancy in the programming of intrauterine fetal growth

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