Poor Nutrient Intakes during 1-Year Follow-Up with Community-Dwelling Older Adults with Early-Stage Alzheimer Dementia Compared to Cognitively Intact Matched Controls

Shatenstein, Bryna; Kergoat, Marie‐Jeanne; Reid, Isabelle

doi:10.1016/j.jada.2007.09.008

Cited by 113 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Furthermore, a lower weight due to a dietary restriction can cause a deficiency of macro- and micronutrients, contributing to worse cognitive functioning [38]. In particular, lack of vitamins and essential fatty acids can lead to tissue oxidative damage and altered neuronal membrane structure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body Mass Index Predicts Progression of Mild Cognitive Impairment to Dementia

Cova

Clerici

Maggiore

et al. 2016

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

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Aims: To examine the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and progression to dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD) in mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Materials and Methods: Two hundred and twenty-eight MCI subjects (mean age 74.04 ± 6.94 years; 57% female) from a memory clinic were followed for 2.40 ± 1.58 years. Baseline height and weight were used to calculate the BMI. The main outcome was progression to dementia (DSM-IV criteria) and AD (NINCDS-ADRDA criteria). Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the longitudinal association of BMI with dementia and AD, adjusting for a comprehensive set of covariates, including vascular risk factors/diseases and neuroimaging profiles. Results: Out of 228 subjects with MCI, 117 (51.3%) progressed to dementia. Eighty-nine (76%) of the incident dementia cases had AD. In both unadjusted and multi-adjusted models, a higher BMI was associated with a reduced risk of dementia (multi-adjusted HR 0.9; 95% CI 0.8-0.9) and AD (multi-adjusted HR 0.9; 95% CI 0.8-0.9). Being underweight increased the risk of all types of dementia (multi-adjusted HR 2.5; 95% CI 1.2-5.1) but was not specifically associated with AD (multi-adjusted HR 2.2; 95% CI 0.9-5.3). Conclusions: BMI predicted progression of MCI to dementia and AD. In particular, a higher BMI was associated with a lower risk of dementia and AD, and underweight was associated with a higher risk of dementia. BMI assessment may improve the prognostic accuracy of MCI in clinical practice.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body Mass Index Predicts Progression of Mild Cognitive Impairment to Dementia

Cova

Clerici

Maggiore

et al. 2016

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

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“…Besides blood coagulation, osteoporosis, and osteoarthritis, it became gradually aware that many physiological and pathological phenomena, such as fertility [36], atherosclerosis [37][38][39], brain development [40], dementia [41], and glucose metabolism [42][43][44], are related to the status of vitamin K sufficiency. We sincerely hope that vitamin K study leads to discoveries of new biological mechanisms and targets for disease prevention and treatment and eventually contributes to human culture and welfare.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin K, SXR, and GGCX

Azuma¹,

Inoue²

2017

Vitamin K2 - Vital for Health and Wellbeing

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Vitamin K was discovered in 1929 as a substance essential for blood coagulation and had been clinically utilized before the precise mechanism of action became aware in 1970s. The function as a cofactor of γ-glutamyl carboxylase (GGCX) was the mechanism firstly discovered with the identification of several substrate proteins including blood coagulation factors and osteocalcin. Recently, we and others have shown that vitamin K has other modes of function, such as ligand of nuclear receptor SXR (steroid and xenobiotic receptor) and its murine ortholog PXR (pregnane X receptor) and modulator of protein kinase A (PKA) activity. Besides its importance in blood coagulation, involvement of vitamin K has been shown in two major aging-related diseases, osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. Based on clinical and epidemiological studies, vitamin K is shown to have protective roles for both of them. Interestingly, clinical studies concerning single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of GGCX and γ-carboxylated status of osteocalcin suggested relationship between GGCX activity and bone-protective effect, while recent findings from basic research indicated that vitamin K functions mediated by SXR/PXR as well as GGCX are important in the bone metabolism. We also suggested that cartilage-protective effect is mediated by SXR/PXR signaling by animal experiments using Pxr knockout mice.

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“…this, in turn, could result in reduced amyloid-beta production, plaque burden and amyloid-beta toxicity (8). in support of this, epidemiological and cohort studies suggest that a diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids, B-vitamins, and antioxidants decreases the risk of ad (9,10), while other studies suggest that patients with ad have lower plasma levels of these nutrients when compared with cognitively intact age-matched controls (11).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Effect of a medical food on body mass index and activities of daily living in patients with Alzheimer's disease: Secondary analyses from a randomized, controlled trial

Kamphuis

Verhey

Rikkert

et al. 2011

The Journal of nutrition, health and aging

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Objectives: to investigate the effect of a medical food (souvenaid) on body mass index (Bmi) and functional abilities in patients with mild alzheimer's disease (ad). Design/setting/participants/intervention /measurements: these analyses were performed on data from a 12-week, double-blind, randomized, controlled, multicenter, proof-of-concept study with a similarly designed and exploratory 12-week extension period. Patients with mild ad (mini-mental state examination score of 20-26) were randomized to receive either the active product or an iso-caloric control product. While primary outcomes included measures of cognition, the 23-item alzheimer's disease cooperative study-activities of daily living (adcs-adl) scale was included as a secondary outcome. Both adcs-adl and Bmi were assessed at baseline and Weeks 6, 12 and 24. data were analyzed using a repeated-measures mixed model. Results: Overall, data suggested an increased Bmi in the active versus the control group at Week 24 (itt: p = 0.07; PP: p = 0.03), but no treatment effect on adcs-adl was observed. However, baseline Bmi was found to be a significant treatment effect modifier (itt: p = 0.04; PP: p = 0.05), and an increase in adcs-adl was observed at Week 12 in patients with a 'low' baseline Bmi (itt: p = 0.02; PP: p = 0.04). Conclusions: these data indicate that baseline Bmi significantly impacts the effect of souvenaid on functional abilities. in addition, there was a suggestion that souvenaid increased Bmi.

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Poor Nutrient Intakes during 1-Year Follow-Up with Community-Dwelling Older Adults with Early-Stage Alzheimer Dementia Compared to Cognitively Intact Matched Controls

Cited by 113 publications

References 48 publications

Body Mass Index Predicts Progression of Mild Cognitive Impairment to Dementia

Body Mass Index Predicts Progression of Mild Cognitive Impairment to Dementia

Vitamin K, SXR, and GGCX

Effect of a medical food on body mass index and activities of daily living in patients with Alzheimer's disease: Secondary analyses from a randomized, controlled trial

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