Pomodoro!

Gentilcore, David

doi:10.7312/gent15206

Cited by 25 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Ghini taught medical botany in Pisa from 1544 to 1555, where he founded the first university botanical garden supported by the Grand Duke of Tuscany, Cosimo I de’ Medici ( De Toni, 1907 ). Cosimo attempted to import and acclimatize various American plants ( Gentilcore, 2010 ), and Ghini enriched the garden with exotic species and taught his many pupils to press and dry botanical specimens between paper ( Findlen, 2017 ). According to McCue (1952) : 292), the Pisa garden catalogue manuscript from 1548 ‘does not include any plant identifiable as the tomato’.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We performed a literature review, starting with studies on the introduction of the tomato in Europe ( e.g. , Jenkins, 1948 ; McCue, 1952 ; Daunay, Laterrot & Janick, 2007 ; Gentilcore, 2010 ) and on early modern naturalists in Italy, France, Central Europe and the Low Countries ( e.g. , De Toni, 1907 ; De Toni, 1910 ; De Toni, 1940 ; Findlen, 1994 ; Findlen, 2017 ; Egmond, 2016 ; Egmond, 2018 ; Rotelli, 2018 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From an unknown aphrodisiac to an essential ingredient in national dishes, the subsequent European history of the tomato has been extensively studied ( e.g. , Sturtevant, 1919 ; McCue, 1952 ; Gentilcore, 2010 ; Metro-Roland, 2013 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sixteenth-century tomatoes in Europe: who saw them, what they looked like, and where they came from

Andel

Vos

Michels

et al. 2022

PeerJ

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Background Soon after the Spanish conquest of the Americas, the first tomatoes were presented as curiosities to the European elite and drew the attention of sixteenth-century Italian naturalists. Despite of their scientific interest in this New World crop, most Renaissance botanists did not specify where these ‘golden apples’ or ‘pomi d’oro’ came from. The debate on the first European tomatoes and their origin is often hindered by erroneous dating, botanical misidentifications and inaccessible historical sources. The discovery of a tomato specimen in the sixteenth-century ‘En Tibi herbarium’ kept at Leiden, the Netherlands, triggered research on its geographical provenance and morphological comparison to other tomato specimens and illustrations from the same time period. Methods Recent digitization efforts greatly facilitate research on historic botanical sources. Here we provide an overview of the ten remaining sixteenth-century tomato specimens, early descriptions and 13 illustrations. Several were never published before, revealing what these tomatoes looked like, who saw them, and where they came from. We compare our historical findings with recent molecular research on the chloroplast and nuclear DNA of the ‘En Tibi’ specimen. Results Our survey shows that the earliest tomatoes in Europe came in a much wider variety of colors, shapes and sizes than previously thought, with both simple and fasciated flowers, round and segmented fruits. Pietro Andrea Matthioli gave the first description of a tomato in 1544, and the oldest specimens were collected by Ulisse Aldrovandi and Francesco Petrollini in c. 1551, possibly from plants grown in the Pisa botanical garden by their teacher Luca Ghini. The oldest tomato illustrations were made in Germany and Switzerland in the early 1550s, but the Flemish Rembert Dodoens published the first image in 1553. The names of early tomatoes in contemporary manuscripts suggest both a Mexican and a Peruvian origin. The ‘En Tibi’ specimen was collected by Petrollini around 1558 and thus is not the oldest extant tomato. Recent molecular research on the ancient nuclear and chloroplast DNA of the En Tibi specimen clearly shows that it was a fully domesticated tomato, and genetically close to three Mexican landraces and two Peruvian specimens that probably also had a Mesoamerican origin. Molecular research on the other sixteenth-century tomato specimens may reveal other patterns of genetic similarity, past selection processes, and geographic origin. Clues on the ‘historic’ taste and pest resistance of the sixteenth-century tomatoes will be difficult to predict from their degraded DNA, but should be rather sought in those landraces in Central and South America that are genetically close to them. The indigenous farmers growing these traditional varieties should be supported to conserve these heirloom varieties in-situ.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sixteenth-century tomatoes in Europe: who saw them, what they looked like, and where they came from

Andel

Vos

Michels

et al. 2022

PeerJ

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“…At what point did people no longer care or entirely forget that these items were once foreign imports? More modern examples include the tomato in Italy and the potato in Ireland, ingredients used in many 'traditional' dishes and central to the food identities of their respective countries (Hjalager and Richards 2002: 7, 76;Gentilcore 2010). In the Lower Rhine Delta, the continued recovery of archaeobotanical and pollen finds of walnut, grape, coriander, fennel, and dill, combined with their climatic suitability, suggests they may have been cultivated locally following the Batavian revolt in AD 69/70 (Pals 1997: 42-44;Bakels and Jacomet 2003;Kooistra 2009: 222).…”

Section: Local Cultivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Same Taste, Different Place: Looking at the Consciousness of Food Origins in the Roman World

Rowan

2019

Theoretical Roman Archaeology Journal

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While an enormous variety and quantity of foodstuffs were moved around the Roman Empire, the general population may not always have reflected upon or valued knowledge regarding the origin of their foodstuffs. This article looks at the methodological challenges associated with identifying a consciousness of food origins and connectivity, particularly in the non-elite. Sensory archaeology is used to demonstrate a degree of consciousness based on the physical experience of consumption and the mnemonic links forged between consumption, emotion, and memory. Focusing on the sensory experiences of non-native soldiers, archaeobotanical assemblages from Roman military sites in Germania inferior are used as case studies. The article concludes with a closer look at the frequently mentioned, yet not fully explored notion of a 'taste of home' in the ancient world and at what point a foodstuff no longer evoked a reflection upon its place of origin.

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“…O autor, David Gentilcore é professor de História Moderna na Universidade de Leicester, Reino Unido. Nos últimos dez anos, seu trabalho se concentrou principalmente na história da comida na Itália, com destaque para dois trabalhos: um, sobre o consumo de batatas (Gentilcore, 2012), e outro sobre tomates (Gentilcore, 2010)…”

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Alimentação e recomendações médico-alimentares na Europa moderna: dieta, medicina e sociedade (1450-1800)

Coelho-Costa

2018

Ciências Sociais Unisinos

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Pomodoro!

Cited by 25 publications

References 0 publications

Sixteenth-century tomatoes in Europe: who saw them, what they looked like, and where they came from

Sixteenth-century tomatoes in Europe: who saw them, what they looked like, and where they came from

Same Taste, Different Place: Looking at the Consciousness of Food Origins in the Roman World

Alimentação e recomendações médico-alimentares na Europa moderna: dieta, medicina e sociedade (1450-1800)

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