Pomelo peel oil alleviates cerebral NLRP3 inflammasome activation in a cardiopulmonary resuscitation rat model

Abstract

The NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, which is composed of NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC) and pro-caspase-1 protein complexes, is activated by the reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are associated with ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) and are involved in brain damage. Pomelo peel oil (PPO) exhibits antioxidant activity. However, it is unclear whether PPO is able to attenuate NLRP3 inflammasome-induced inflammation and pyroptosis. Healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to 7 min of cardiac arrest via trans-esophageal electrical stimulation, followed by cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The rats were then treated with PPO prior to reperfusion for 24 h. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to evaluate brain tissue and cell damage. In the brain tissues, reactive oxygen species (ROS) were assayed, immunofluorescence was used to analyze the expression of NLRP3 and western blotting was performed to determine the expression levels of neuroenolase (NSE), NF-κB, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), gasdermin D (GSDMD) and the NLRP3 inflammasome. Treatment of the rats with PPO significantly decreased the pathological damage of the brain tissue and reduced the expression of NSE, production of ROS and secretion of NF-κB, NLRP3, IL-1β and GSDMD. In conclusion, these results demonstrate the ability of PPO to protect the brain against I/R injury in rats after CPR by a mechanism involving inhibition of the inflammation and pyroptosis mediated by NLRP3 inflammasome activation.

Hypoxic preconditioned mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate rat brain injury after cardiopulmonary resuscitation by suppressing neuronal pyroptosis

“…Another group has demonstrated that stroke‐induced white matter damage and microglial pyroptosis can be partially attenuated by suppressing the NF‐κB/NLRP3 signalling pathway 106 . The latest study has indicated that the NF‐κB signalling pathway regulates pyroptosis in microglia post‐CA 107 . Hence, the NF‐κB pathway was strongly connected to cell pyroptosis in nervous system diseases.…”

“… 106 The latest study has indicated that the NF‐κB signalling pathway regulates pyroptosis in microglia post‐CA. 107 Hence, the NF‐κB pathway was strongly connected to cell pyroptosis in nervous system diseases. Consist with studies mentioned above.…”

Pomelo Peel Essential Oil Ameliorates Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury through Regulating Redox Homeostasis in Rats and SH-SY5Y Cells

“…We used NDS to identify the protective effect of PPEO and determine the efficacy and safety dose at 50 mg/kg. In fact, different dose of PPEO was adopted due to different research aim in our other studies in the same period [ 6 , 7 ]. Nissl staining and electron microscopy were used to observe the protective effect of PPEO from general to ultrastructural level, respectively.…”

“…However, studies report that citrus and its products have good antioxidant properties because of its high content of active substances such as terpenes, aldehydes, esters, and ketones [ 5 ]. PPEO, a crude compound extracted from pomelo peel, is considered to have potential therapeutic effects for its antioxidant properties or other biological activities [ 6 , 7 ]. In this study, we selected Shatian pomelo peculiar belonging to Rongxian, Guangxi, and extracted the essential oil from outer peel by distillation.…”

Moderate Hyperkalemia Regulates Autophagy to Reduce Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in a CA/CPR Rat Model

“…The observation lead was lead II. The models of CA/CPR in rats were performed as before [ 9 , 22 , 23 ]. In simple terms, CA was induced using an esophageal stimulation electrode (12V) (Chengdu Technology & Market Co., Ltd., Chengdu, China) lasting for 1 min.…”