Polyphasic Taxonomy of the Genus
            <i>Vibrio:</i>
            Polynucleotide Sequence Relationships Among Selected
            <i>Vibrio</i>
            Species

Citarella, R. V.; Colwell, Rita R.

doi:10.1128/jb.104.1.434-442.1970

Cited by 87 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The reciprocal DNA homology experiments between isolates of V. parahaemolyticus and V. alginolyticus showed them to be 67% homologous to one another. These results sharply contrast with those of Citarella and Colwell, who in a similar study reported less than 10% homology between V. parahaemolyticus and V. alginolyticus (4). This discrepancy between Citarella and Colwellrs findings and those of our study is attributable to their use of distinctly different organisms as representative strains of V. alginolyticus.…”

contrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Sakazaki's original scheme (21) for the differentiation of V. parahaemolyticus from the related biotypes V. alginolyticus and V. anguillarum was based on the differential ability of these organisms to grow at various salt concentrations, to ferment various sugars, and to produce acetylmethylcarbinol. Subsequent investigations have shown that these tests are not adequate, as there are numerous marine vibrios whose identity remains ambiguous because they do not wholly resemble any one of the three biotypes DNA RELATIONSHIPS OF MARINE VIBRIOS Recent attempts to clarify the taxonomic position and relationships within the marine vibrio group have relied on determinative characterization, including Adansonian analysis and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-DNA hybridization experiments as well as an amalgamation of these procedures (4,5,8,11,17). Hanaoka et al, using the DNA agar hybridization technique, determined the inter-and intraspecific relationships between selected strains of V. parahaemolyticus and V. cholerae (8).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deoxyribonucleic Acid Relationships Among Marine Vibrios

Anderson

Ordal

1972

J Bacteriol

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The deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) relationships of 80 strains identified either as Vibrio parahaemolyticus, V. alginolyticus, and V. anguillarum, or as allied marine vibrios were delineated by DNA-DNA competition experiments as well as by measuring the thermal stabilities of the DNA-DNA duplexes formed in direct binding studies. The tested strains included isolates from Japan, Europe, and the United States. The V. parahaemolyticus and V. alginolyticus groups showed an average of 67% homology to one another and 30% to strains of V. anguillarum. Significantly, a number of the isolates from the Pacific Northwest which had been previously identified as V. parahaemolyticus based on morphological, biochemical, and serological evidence were shown either to be strains of V. anguillarum or to belong to as yet unnamed groups. Most strains isolated from diseased salmon in the Pacific Northwest proved to be virtually identical with V. anguillarum type C by DNA homology experiments, thereby differentiating them from similar strains isolated from diseased herring and occasionally from salmon. The latter Pacific Northwest isolates fell into two distinct genotypic groups. A plot of the per cent homology by comqpetition versus the difference in the thermal stabilities of heterologous and homologous duplexes (ATm.e) between the same DNA species shows a linear decline in homology of 4.25% per degree of ATm,e . The use of this relationship for estimating the percentage of the mispaired bases distinguishing DNA preparations directly from competition experiments is discussed.Vibrios isolated from marine environments have been the subject of considerable recent study (2,5,11,17). One species, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, has been of particular interest because of its apparent diverse host range of pathogenicity that includes humans as well as marine invertebrates. In Japan, V. parahaemolyticus has been established as the principal agent of gastroenteritis associated with the consumption of raw or partially cooked seafoods (20, 26). In the United States, V. parahaemolyticus. has been identified as the causative agent involved in mass mortalities of shellfish (12, 24), as well as the cause of severe wound infections in humans (18,24). In addition to V. parahaemolyticus, the related biotype V. alginolyticus, a dubious, but possible, cause of gastroenteritis (20), and the fish pathogen V. anguillarum (19,20) have been found in inshore marine environments.Numerous epizootics due to marine vibrios have occurred in the Pacific Northwest in stocks of young salmon reared in seawater and in natural populations of Pacific herring (19). A number of isolates from different epizootics have been identified as V. anguillarum, but others have remained unidentified (11,17).Since the recent isolations of V. parahaemolyticus from United States waters by several independent investigators (1,2,12,25), certain problems have arisen concerning a practical phenotype-based scheme for the identification and differentiation of V. parahaemolyticus from related marine vib...

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contrasting

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Deoxyribonucleic Acid Relationships Among Marine Vibrios

Anderson

Ordal

1972

J Bacteriol

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“…Only three of these strains hybridized with the group containing strains isolated from cases of gastroenteritis, pointing to the inadequacy of the traits used for the identification of this organism. The considerable DNA homology between strains of B. parahaemolytica and B. alginolytica observed by Anderson and Ordal (3) is in agreement with the in vitro DNA/DNA hybridization studies of Hanoaka et al (17) and contrary to the results obtained by Citarella and Colwell (12). As previously pointed out (3), the strains studied by the latter authors under the designation V. alginolvticus were not authentic strains of this species, differing from the type strain in the moles percent guanine plus cytosine contents of their DNA and in their phenotypic properties (12,13).…”

supporting

confidence: 88%

“…The considerable DNA homology between strains of B. parahaemolytica and B. alginolytica observed by Anderson and Ordal (3) is in agreement with the in vitro DNA/DNA hybridization studies of Hanoaka et al (17) and contrary to the results obtained by Citarella and Colwell (12). As previously pointed out (3), the strains studied by the latter authors under the designation V. alginolvticus were not authentic strains of this species, differing from the type strain in the moles percent guanine plus cytosine contents of their DNA and in their phenotypic properties (12,13). In addition, it should be mentioned that the studies of Colwell (13) and Citarella and Colwell (12) were primarily directed to the differentiation of B. parahaemolvtica and V. cholerae and did not address themselves to the more important problem of the relation of B. parahaemolvtica to other common marine bacteria.…”

supporting

confidence: 88%

Taxonomy of Marine Bacteria: Beneckea parahaemolytica and Beneckea alginolytica

Baumann

Reichelt

1973

J Bacteriol

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A collection of 169 strains, including 91 obtained from cases of gastroenteritis and 41 from localized tissue infections and infections of the eye and ear, was submitted to an extensive nutritional, physiological, and morphological characterization. The nutritional and physiological data obtained from these strains, as well as data for strains of other species of the genus Beneckea, were submitted to a numerical analysis which grouped the strains into clusters on the basis of phenotypic similarity. Strains from cases of gastroenteritis formed a group of three clusters which linked at a similarity value of 68%. These three clusters could not, however, be separated from each other by universally positive or negative traits, and on the basis of their overall phenotypic similarity were assigned to a single species, B. parahaemolytica. The majority of the strains from human, nonenteric sources segregated into two distinct clusters, one designated B. alginolytica and the other unassigned with respect to species (group C-2). B. parahaemolytica, B. alginolytica, and group C-2 could be readily distinguished from one another as well as from the remaining species of the genus Beneckea by multiple, unrelated, phenotypic traits. Activities of selected enzymes of glucose and gluconate catabolism in cell-free extracts of B. parahaemolytica, B. alginolvtica, and group C-2 suggested that these organisms utilized glucose primarily via the Embden-Meyerhof pathway and gluconate primarily via the Entner-Doudoroff pathway. Similar results were observed in the other members of the genus Beneckea.

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“…Many have been placed in Vibrio (3,27,47,58), Aeromonas (36), Pseudomonas (10,42), and Beneckea (7,9). Determinations of the guanine plus cytosine (GC) content of the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of these strains have shown that the moles % GC ranges from 39-48 (5,11,13,28,32). Some of these organisms are pathogenic for marine fish and shellfish (51).…”

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confidence: 99%

Taxonomy of Marine Bacteria: the Genus Beneckea

1971

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One-hundred-and-forty-five isolates of marine origin were submitted to an extensive physiological, nutritional, and morphological characterization. All strains were gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, straight or curved rods which were motile by means of flagella. Glucose was fermented with the production of acid but no gas. Sodium but no organic growth factors were required. None of the strains were able to denitrify or fix molecular nitrogen. The results of nutritional and physiological tests were submitted to a numerical analysis. On the basis of phenotypic similarity, nine groups were established. These groups could be distinguished from one another by multiple, unrelated, phenotypic traits. Six groups which had deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) containing 45 to 48 moles per cent guanine plus cytosine (GC) were assigned to a redefined genus Beneckea. All of the strains in this genus, when grown in liquid medium, had a single, polar flagellum. When grown on a solid medium, many strains had peritrichous flagella. Two groups were similar to previously described species and were designated B. alginolytica and B. natriegens. The remaining four groups were designated B. campbellii, B. neptuna, B. nereida, and B. pelagia. An additional group of phenotypically similar strains having the properties of the genus Beneckea was not included in the numerical analysis. These strains were readily separable from species of this genus and were designated B. parahaemolytica. Of the remaining groups, one was identified as Photobacterium flscheri. The other group (B-2) which had about 41 moles % GC content in its DNA could not be placed into existing genera. 268on July 3, 2020 by guest http://jb.asm.org/ Downloaded fromAfter 48 hr of incubation, the plates were flooded with acidic mercuric chloride (52). Amylase production was determined on YEA containing 2 g of starch per liter. After 48 hr of incubation, the plates were flooded with Lugol's Iodine solution (53). Lipase production was 269

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Polyphasic Taxonomy of the Genus Vibrio: Polynucleotide Sequence Relationships Among Selected Vibrio Species

Cited by 87 publications

References 34 publications

Deoxyribonucleic Acid Relationships Among Marine Vibrios

Deoxyribonucleic Acid Relationships Among Marine Vibrios

Taxonomy of Marine Bacteria: Beneckea parahaemolytica and Beneckea alginolytica

Taxonomy of Marine Bacteria: the Genus Beneckea

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