Polymorphisms in cyclooxygenase‐2 gene and risk of developing coal workers' pneumoconiosis: A case–control study

Bian, Lu-Qin; Mao, Ling; Jin, Shi; Bi, Ying

doi:10.1002/ajim.22335

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 21 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…Regarding TNF‐α, the TNF‐α‐308A allele has been linked to ever having CWP especially with nodules as opposed to PMF, whereas TNF‐α promoter TNF2 polymorphism has been associated with the development of large opacities . Other identified polymorphisms include IL‐4 C‐590T; cyclo‐oxygenase‐2 rs689466 and rs20417; microRNA‐149 rs2292832 TT; a potentially protective effect of MMP3 rs522616 GG; and NLRP3 rs1539019, especially in early disease . The latter is of particular interest given evidence implicating the NALP inflammasome in silicosis, activation of the Nalp3 inflammasome by silicates, in the context of mixed‐dust pneumoconiosis.…”

Section: Environmental Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coal mine dust lung disease in the modern era

et al. 2017

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Coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP), as part of the spectrum of coal mine dust lung disease (CMDLD), is a preventable but incurable lung disease that can be complicated by respiratory failure and death. Recent increases in coal production from the financial incentive of economic growth lead to higher respirable coal and quartz dust levels, often associated with mechanization of longwall coal mining. In Australia, the observed increase in the number of new CWP diagnoses since the year 2000 has necessitated a review of recommended respirable dust exposure limits, where exposure limits and monitoring protocols should ideally be standardized. Evidence that considers the regulation of engineering dust controls in the mines is lacking even in high-income countries, despite this being the primary preventative measure. Also, it is a global public health priority for at-risk miners to be systemically screened to detect early changes of CWP and to include confirmed patients within a central registry; a task limited by financial constraints in less developed countries. Characteristic X-ray changes are usually categorized using the International Labour Office classification, although future evaluation by low-dose HRCT) chest scanning may allow for CWP detection and thus avoidance of further exposure, at an earlier stage. Preclinical animal and human organoid-based models are required to explore potential re-purposing of anti-fibrotic and related agents with potential efficacy. Epidemiological patterns and the assessment of molecular and genetic biomarkers may further enhance our capacity to identify susceptible individuals to the inhalation of coal dust in the modern era.

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