Polymeric monolithic stationary phases for capillary electrochromatography

Abstract

This review summarizes the contributions of a number of groups working in the rapidly growing area of monolithic columns for capillary electrochromatography (CEC), with a focus on those prepared from synthetic polymers. Monoliths have quickly become a well-established stationary phase format in the field of CEC. The simplicity of their in situ preparation method as well as the good control over their porous properties and surface chemistries make the monolithic separation media an attractive alternative to capillary columns packed with particulate materials. A wide variety of approaches as well as materials used for the preparation of the monolithic stationary phases are detailed. Their excellent chromatographic performance is demonstrated by numerous separations of different analytes.

Determination of Monomer Conversion in Methacrylate-based Polymer Monoliths Fixed in a Capillary Column by Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography

“…9,10 In general, polymer monoliths are insoluble cross-linked polymers, and various monomers have been used for the syntheses. 11 Polymethacrylate is one of the most common base materials for polymer monoliths, and it is well-known that methacrylate-based polymers are readily depolymerized to the monomers at elevated temperatures. 12 Therefore, the composition of the methacrylate-based polymer can be determined directly from the peak intensities of the original monomers observed in the pyrogram.…”

CEC separation of insect oostatic peptides using a strong‐cation‐exchange stationary phase

“…The selectivity is controlled by appropriate interactions between analytes and stationary phase during the run [11][12][13]. Different approaches have been used in order to retain the stationary phase into the capillary, e.g., the stationary phase (i) can be bonded to the capillary wall, (ii) packed, or (iii) polymerized into a capillary tube [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23].…”

Fases estacionárias monolíticas para separações cromatográficas

“…Diferente da eletroforese capilar, a ECC não se restringe somente a analitos ionizados, tanto espécies neutras como carregadas podem interagir com a fase estacionária, mostrando ser uma técnica de separação muito mais ampla 18 . As principais colunas empregadas em ECC são as recheadas com partículas e as tubulares abertas 19,20 , sendo as primeiras responsáveis pela quase totalidade. Porém, algumas dificuldades, por ex., o enchimento de capilares com materiais particulados e a fabricação de filtros para retenção de partícu-las dentro do capilar, limitaram maiores desenvolvimentos da ECC.…”