Polymer-Stabilized Gold Nanoparticles with High Grafting Densities

Corbierre, Muriel K.; Cameron, Neil S.; Lennox, R. Bruce

doi:10.1021/la0355702

Cited by 271 publications

(301 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(69 reference statements)

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“…To date, various approaches such as grafting‐from111 and grafting‐to108 have been reported for homogenous and direct attachment of polymer chains to nanoparticles. The former relies on a polymerization reaction process to grow cross‐linked polymer shells from nanoparticle surface ( Figure 4 a).…”

Section: Polymer‐mediated Nanoparticle Superlatticesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoparticle Superlattices: The Roles of Soft Ligands

et al. 2017

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Nanoparticle superlattices are periodic arrays of nanoscale inorganic building blocks including metal nanoparticles, quantum dots and magnetic nanoparticles. Such assemblies can exhibit exciting new collective properties different from those of individual nanoparticle or corresponding bulk materials. However, fabrication of nanoparticle superlattices is nontrivial because nanoparticles are notoriously difficult to manipulate due to complex nanoscale forces among them. An effective way to manipulate these nanoscale forces is to use soft ligands, which can prevent nanoparticles from disordered aggregation, fine‐tune the interparticle potential as well as program lattice structures and interparticle distances – the two key parameters governing superlattice properties. This article aims to review the up‐to‐date advances of superlattices from the viewpoint of soft ligands. We first describe the theories and design principles of soft‐ligand‐based approach and then thoroughly cover experimental techniques developed from soft ligands such as molecules, polymer and DNA. Finally, we discuss the remaining challenges and future perspectives in nanoparticle superlattices.

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Section: Polymer‐mediated Nanoparticle Superlatticesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoparticle Superlattices: The Roles of Soft Ligands

et al. 2017

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“…For most cases, the grafting density of adsorbates is of the order of 1 nm −2 , in accordance with Au nanoparticles dispersed in polymer matrices. 28 In this region, interactions between adsorbates can be neglected and the dissociative adsorption energy of dimethyl disulfide on Au(hkl) per methanethiolate, E ads can be defined as…”

Section: A Adsorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…19,21,22 The same configuration, including Au adatoms bonded to two RS-groups, has been named the "standard model" for close-packed methylthiolate self-assembled monolayers on Au(111), 23 as it has been found in several experimental and theoretical studies for this system. [24][25][26][27] Such bonds between two S atoms and a Au adatom appear due to low reactivity of Au atoms in the close-packed (111) surface, and are expected to be less likely in stepped or kinked surfaces, where undercoordinated Au atoms form significantly stronger bonds to S. Moreover, the strong steric repulsions associated with adsorption of longer molecules will result in grafting densities of the order of 1 nm −2 or less, 28 where it is unlikely that thiolate groups from two different molecules will bind to the same Au atom.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thiolate adsorption on Au(${\bm {hkl}}$hkl) and equilibrium shape of large thiolate-covered gold nanoparticles

Barmparis

Honkala²,

Remediakis³

2013

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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The adsorption of thiolates on Au surfaces employing density-functional-theory calculations has been studied. The dissociative chemisorption of dimethyl disulfide (CH3S−SCH3) on 14 different Au(hkl) is used as a model system. We discuss trends on adsorption energies, bond lengths, and bond angles as the surface structure changes, considering every possible Au(hkl) with h, k, l ⩽ 3 plus the kinked Au(421). Methanethiolate (CH3S-) prefers adsorption on bridge sites on all surfaces considered; hollow and on top sites are highly unfavourable. The interface tensions for Au(hkl)-thiolate interfaces is determined at low coverage. Using the interface tensions in a Wulff construction method, we construct atomistic models for the equilibrium shape of large thiolate-covered gold nanoparticles. Gold atoms in a nanoparticle change their equilibrium positions upon adsorption of thiolates towards shapes of higher sphericity and higher concentration of step-edge atoms.

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“…In contrast to the former two grafting techniques, the " grafting from " approach leads to polymer brushes with high grafting densities, which infl uence the chemical and physical properties of the nanoparticles, especially the wettability properties. Several reports were published where various kinds of polymers such as poly(ethylene glycol) [132,133] , poly(styrene) [134,135] , poly(methacrylamides) [136,137] , poly(methacrylates), [123] poly(vinylpyridines) [129] are tethered by one end to gold nanoparticles by either " grafting to " [122,138] , the in-situ " grafting to " [12] or the " grafting from " [128] technique [82] .…”

Section: Polymer Brushesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coating matters: the influence of coating materials on the optical properties of gold nanoparticles

Chanana¹,

Liz‐Marzán²

2012

Nanophotonics

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An essential element in the synthesis of nanomaterials based on gold nanoparticles comprises the control over parameters such as size, shape and composition, due to their strong infl uence on the properties of the particles. However, it is the coating material which often plays the primary role in tuning the size, morphology, and even plasmon resonance wavelength or mode multiplicity, as well as colloidal stability and functional versatility, ultimately determining the physical, chemical, optical, electronic and catalytic properties of the nanoparticles. Therefore, it is utterly important to select the adequate wet chemistry synthetic approach with the most suitable coating material for the preparation of gold nanoparticles with the desired requirements. Within this context, this review is focused on describing various types of organic and inorganic coating materials for gold nanoparticles that may notably affect their optical properties by either directly infl uencing the synthesis procedure or by changing their chemical and physical properties upon post-synthetic modifi cations, such that they exhibit novel and useful optical properties.

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Polymer-Stabilized Gold Nanoparticles with High Grafting Densities

Cited by 271 publications

References 38 publications

Nanoparticle Superlattices: The Roles of Soft Ligands

Nanoparticle Superlattices: The Roles of Soft Ligands

Thiolate adsorption on Au(${\bm {hkl}}$hkl) and equilibrium shape of large thiolate-covered gold nanoparticles

Coating matters: the influence of coating materials on the optical properties of gold nanoparticles

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