Polylactide nanofibers with hydroxyapatite as growth substrates for osteoblast-like cells

Abstract

Various types of nanofibers are increasingly used in tissue engineering, mainly for their ability to mimic the architecture of tissue at the nanoscale. We evaluated the adhesion, growth, viability, and differentiation of human osteoblast-like MG 63 cells on polylactide (PLA) nanofibers prepared by needle-less electrospinning and loaded with 5 or 15 wt % of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles. On day 7 after seeding, the cell number was the highest on samples with 15 wt % of HA. This result was confirmed by the XTT test, especially after dynamic cultivation, when the number of metabolically active cells on these samples was even higher than on control polystyrene. Staining with a live/dead kit showed that the viability of cells on all nanofibrous scaffolds was very high and comparable to that on control polystyrene dishes. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed that the concentration of osteocalcin was also higher in cells on samples with 15 wt % of HA. There was no immune activation of cells (measured by production of TNF-alpha), associated with the incorporation of HA. Moreover, the addition of HA suppressed the creep behavior of the scaffolds in their dry state. Thus, nanofibrous PLA scaffolds have potential for bone tissue engineering, particularly those with 15 wt % of HA.

The potential applications of fibrin-coated electrospun polylactide nanofibers in skin tissue engineering

“…However, in the scientific literature, submicronscale fibers are commonly referred to as nanofibers. 40 The fibrin regularly coated each fiber in the membrane. Moreover, the fibrin randomly formed a thin fibrous mesh on the membrane surface (Figure 2).…”

“…The polymer solution was made electrically conductive with the use of tetraethylammonium bromide, which was first dissolved in dimethylformamide at a concentration of 3 wt%, and then 3 g of this solution was added to 100 g of the PLA solution. 40 Nanofibrous membranes were prepared using the novel Nanospider needleless electrospinning technology (NS Lab 500; Elmarco Ltd., Liberec, Czech Republic). The process conditions were: electrode distance: 180 mm; voltage: 60-10 kV; the spinning electrode rotated at 4 rpm; relative humidity: 25%-30%, and room temperature.…”

Nanofibrous Scaffolds as Promising Cell Carriers for Tissue Engineering

“…The addition of nanoparticles improved mechanical properties of the scaffolds by suppressing their creep behavior in their dry state. Addition of HAp nanoparticles also increased the proliferation of human osteoblast-like MG 63 cells, and particularly their osteogenic differentiation, manifested by production of osteocalcin, an extracellular matrix glycoprotein binding calcium [119].…”

Role of Biological Scaffolds, Hydro Gels and Stem Cells in Tissue Regeneration Therapy

“…52 These biopolymers are also used in form of starch, cellulose, chitosan, pectins, alginate, agar, dextran, pullulan, gellan, xanthan and glycosaminoglycans. 53 These are used for engineering and regeneration of practically all tissues including blood vessels, myocardium, heart valves, bone, articular and tracheal cartilage, intervertebral discs, menisci, skin, liver, skeletal muscle, neural tissue and urinary bladder. These are also used for encapsulation and delivery of pancreatic islets and ovarian follicles.…”