Polyethylene glycol in water: A simple, efficient and green protocol for the synthesis of quinoxalines

Abstract

A variety of biologically important quinoxaline derivatives has been efficiently synthesized in excellent yields under extremely mild conditions using PEG-600 and water. This inexpensive, non-toxic, ecofriendly and readily available system efficiently condensed several aromatic as well as aliphatic 1,2-diketones with aromatic and aliphatic 1,2-diamines to afford the products in excellent yield. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) can be recovered and recycled.

Mono‐ and Polyazatriphenylene‐Based Ligands: An Updated Library of Synthetic Strategies (2001–2018)

“…Bandgar et al developed a novel, efficient and eco‐friendly method for the synthesis of quinoxalines from various 1,2‐diketones and 1,2‐diamines in PEG–H 2 O as a reaction medium . To prove the general applicability the authors also introduced [1,10]‐phenanthroline‐5,6‐dione and 9,10‐phenanthrenequinone from which different azatriphenylenes ( 38a – 38d ) were synthesized in excellent yields (Scheme ).…”

“…Bandgar et al developed a novel, efficient and eco-friendly method for the synthesis of quinoxalines from various 1,2-diketones and 1,2-diamines in PEG-H 2 O as a reaction medium. [35] To prove the general applicability the authors also introduced [1,10]-phenanthroline-5,6-dione and 9,10-phenanthrenequinone from which different azatriphenylenes (38a-38d) were synthesized in excellent yields (Scheme 10). In addition, this methodology is also applicable for the synthesis of sterically hindered azatriphenylene derivative such as tetrapyrido- Karami and co-worker studied the synthesis of various phenazines and quinoxalines using magnesium sulfate heptahydrate (MgSO 4 ⋅7H 2 O) as an effective, cheap and non-toxic catalyst based on the condensation of 1,2-dicarbonyl compounds with o-phenylenediamines.…”

An Efficient Synthesis of Quinaxoline Derivatives Using Fe(DS)3 as a Lewis Acid-Surfactant-Combined Catalyst

“…Recently, several workers have also improved the synthesis of quinoxalines using some modified catalysts and reagents like clayzic 21 , silicagel 22 , alumina 23 , DABCO 24 , PEG-400 in MW 25 , PEG-water 26 , glycerol 27 , graphite 28 and using supported cobalt nano particles 29 . However, many of these processes suffer from one or more limitations such as drastic reaction conditions, low product yields, the use of toxic metal salts as catalysts and relatively expensive reagents.…”

A new polymer based on dipyridophenazine (dppz) moiety synthesis and sensitive chemosensor toward Cu2+ ion with high selectivity

“…Dipyridophenazine and its derivatives have drawn great interest over the last two decades, due to their interesting properties, such as bidentate coordination ability, rigidity, p-accepting character and planar highly conjugated aromatic structure [12][13][14]. Among those unique properties, the binding properties of dipyridophenazine towards transition metal ions are particular attractive, because the chelation site of molecule are expected to provide unique quenching response toward transition metal ions when they are incorporated with the conjugated polymer backbone.…”