Poly-
 N
 -Acetylglucosamine Is Not a Major Component of the Extracellular Matrix in Biofilms Formed by
 icaADBC
 -Positive
 Staphylococcus lugdunensis
 Isolates

Frank, Kristi L.; Patel, Robin

doi:10.1128/iai.00640-07

Cited by 106 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…There is no evidence that these other species produce a functional dispersin B enzyme. A homologue of dspB was identified in the genome of Staphylococcus lugdunensis, although its role in biofilm dispersal was not investigated (Frank and Patel, 2007).…”

Section: Enzymatic Degradation Of the Biofilm Matrixmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofilm Dispersal: Mechanisms, Clinical Implications, and Potential Therapeutic Uses

2010

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Like all sessile organisms, surface-attached communities of bacteria known as biofilms must release and disperse cells into the environment to colonize new sites. For many pathogenic bacteria, biofilm dispersal plays an important role in the transmission of bacteria from environmental reservoirs to human hosts, in horizontal and vertical cross-host transmission, and in the exacerbation and spread of infection within a host. The molecular mechanisms of bacterial biofilm dispersal are only beginning to be elucidated. Biofilm dispersal is a promising area of research that may lead to the development of novel agents that inhibit biofilm formation or promote biofilm cell detachment. Such agents may be useful for the prevention and treatment of biofilms in a variety of industrial and clinical settings. This review describes the current status of research on biofilm dispersal, with an emphasis on studies aimed to characterize dispersal mechanisms, and to identify environmental cues and inter-and intracellular signals that regulate the dispersal process. The clinical implications of biofilm dispersal and the potential therapeutic applications of some of the most recent findings will also be discussed.

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Section: Enzymatic Degradation Of the Biofilm Matrixmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofilm Dispersal: Mechanisms, Clinical Implications, and Potential Therapeutic Uses

2010

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“…However, it has become clear that PIA is neither an essential nor necessarily the major component of CoNS biofilms (18,28). Intercellular adhesion mediated by the accumulation-associated protein (Aap), independently or in cooperation with the ica operon, is well described (24,26,42).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofilm Formation by Staphylococcus haemolyticus

et al. 2009

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Infections due to coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) most frequently occur after the implantation of medical devices and are attributed to the biofilm-forming potential of CoNS. Staphylococcus haemolyticus is the second most frequently isolated CoNS from patients with hospital-acquired infections. There is only limited knowledge of the nature of S. haemolyticus biofilms. The aim of this study was to characterize S. haemolyticus biofilm formation. We analyzed the biofilm-forming capacities of 72 clinical S. haemolyticus isolates. A detachment assay with NaIO 4 , proteinase K, or DNase was used to determine the main biofilm components. Biofilm-associated genes, including the ica operon, were analyzed by PCR, and the gene products were sequenced. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) was used to elucidate the biofilm structure. Fifty-three isolates (74%) produced biofilms after growth in Trypticase soy broth (TSB) with glucose, but only 22 (31%) produced biofilms after growth in TSB with NaCl. It was necessary to dissolve the biofilm in ethanol-acetone to measure the optical density of the full biofilm mass. DNase, proteinase K, and NaIO 4 caused biofilm detachment for 100%, 98%, and 38% of the isolates, respectively. icaRADBC and polysaccharide intercellular adhesin (PIA) production were found in only two isolates. CLSM indicated that the biofilm structure of S. haemolyticus clearly differs from that of S. epidermidis. We conclude that biofilm formation is a common phenotype in clinical S. haemolyticus isolates. In contrast to S. epidermidis, proteins and extracellular DNA are of functional relevance for biofilm accumulation, whereas PIA plays only a minor role. The induction of biofilm formation and determination of the biofilm mass also needed to be optimized for S. haemolyticus.

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“…Biofilm formation was increased in the presence of nafcillin, while it was decreased in the presence of tetracycline and linezolid. Moxifloxacin was the only antibiotic with activity against the S. lugdunensis organisms in biofilm; 73% of the biofilm isolates were susceptible [15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Long CoN(S): A Case of Staphylococcus lugdunensis Endocarditis With Cerebral and Coronary Embolism

2014

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Staphylococcus lugdunensis is a coagulase-negative staphylococcus, which in humans can cause virulent infections frequently attributable to Staphylococcus aureus including superficial skin/soft tissue infections, infective endocarditis, osteomyelitis and endophthalmitis. A 61-year-old male with history of recent fixation of C1-C2 neck fracture, presented with sudden onset of right-sided weakness and fever. Examination revealed dense hemiplegia with UMN facial palsy of right side, and a pan-systolic murmur in the mitral area, radiating to the axilla. He had an elevated troponin-I of 18.8 ng/mL with right bundle branch block on EKG. Echocardiogram revealed mobile vegetation on the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve with ejection fraction of 55% and no regional wall motion abnormality. He continued to have persistent high-grade fevers in spite of appropriate antibiotic therapy and blood cultures were persistently positive for S. lugdunensis for 5 days. He developed weakness of his left side after 2 weeks of hospital admission and MRA revealed left carotid dissection and complete occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery distal to the M1 segment which was embolic in nature. The frequency of S. lugdunensis infection is underappreciated and biofilm formation plays a major role in the pathogenesis. This is the first reported case of S. lugdunensis endocarditis complicated by NSTEMI from coronary embolism and simultaneous stroke from cerebral embolism. Due to the early, frequent and fatal complications from S. lugdunensis bacteremia, we might have to consider early surgical intervention in the absence of class I or IIa recommendation.

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Poly- N -Acetylglucosamine Is Not a Major Component of the Extracellular Matrix in Biofilms Formed by icaADBC -Positive Staphylococcus lugdunensis Isolates

Cited by 106 publications

References 79 publications

Biofilm Dispersal: Mechanisms, Clinical Implications, and Potential Therapeutic Uses

Biofilm Dispersal: Mechanisms, Clinical Implications, and Potential Therapeutic Uses

Biofilm Formation by Staphylococcus haemolyticus

The Long CoN(S): A Case of Staphylococcus lugdunensis Endocarditis With Cerebral and Coronary Embolism

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