Poly-Î²-hydroxybutyrate-accumulating bacteria protect gnotobiotic Artemia franciscana from pathogenic Vibrio campbellii

Halet, Dirk; Defoirdt, Tom; Damme, Petra Van; Vervaeren, Han; Forrez, Ilse; Wiele, Tom Van de; Boon, Nico; Sorgeloos, Patrick; Bossier, Peter; Verstraete, Willy

doi:10.1111/j.1574-6941.2007.00305.x

Cited by 93 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(41 reference statements)

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“…Three of those genera are known to include species that have competitive properties which can explain their abundances in the natural microbiome of fish. Methylobacterium is the core of this network, and this genus is known to produce poly-β-hydroxybutyrate, which degrades short-chain fatty acid, and is known to inhibit the growth of pathogens [45,46]. Sphingomonas paucimobilis is known to inhibit the growth of fungi in plants [47].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Network Analysis Highlights Complex Interactions between Pathogen, Host and Commensal Microbiota

et al. 2013

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Interactions between bacteria and their host represent a full continuum from pathogenicity to mutualism. From an evolutionary perspective, host-bacteria relationships are no longer considered a two-component system but rather a complex network. In this study, we focused on the relationship between brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) and bacterial communities developing on skin mucus. We hypothesized that stressful conditions such as those occurring in aquaculture production induce shifts in the bacterial community of healthy fish, thus allowing pathogens to cause infections. The results showed that fish skin mucus microbiota taxonomical structure is highly specific, its diversity being partly influenced by the surrounding water bacterial community. Two types of taxonomic co-variation patterns emerged across 121 contrasted communities’ samples: one encompassing four genera well known for their probiotic properties, the other harboring five genera mostly associated with pathogen species. The homeostasis of fish bacterial community was extensively disturbed by induction of physiological stress in that both: 1) the abundance of probiotic-like bacteria decreased after stress exposure; and 2) pathogenic bacteria increased following stress exposure. This study provides further insights regarding the role of mutualistic bacteria as a primary host protection barrier.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Network Analysis Highlights Complex Interactions between Pathogen, Host and Commensal Microbiota

et al. 2013

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“…[37], [38], [39], [40], [41], [42]. Taken together, this suggests that a reduction of M. rhodesianum abundance allows colonization or over-growth by other bacteria, some of which are pathogenic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inter Individual Variations of the Fish Skin Microbiota: Host Genetics Basis of Mutualism?

Boutin

Sauvage²,

Bernatchez³

et al. 2014

PLoS ONE

125

119

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The commensal microbiota of fish skin is suspected to provide a protection against opportunist infections. The skin of fish harbors a complex and diverse microbiota that closely interacts with the surrounding water microbial communities. Up to now there is no clear evidence as to whether the host regulates the recruitment of environmental bacteria to build a specific skin microbiota. To address this question, we detected Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) associated with the abundance of specific skin microbiota bacterial strains in brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis), combining 16S RNA tagged-amplicon 454 pyrosequencing with genetic linkage analysis. Skin microbiota analysis revealed high inter-individual variation among 86 F2 fish progeny based upon the relative abundance of bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs). Out of those OTUs, the pathogenic strain Flavobacterium psychrophilum and the non-pathogenic strain Methylobacterium rhodesianum explained the majority of inter-individual distances. Furthermore, a strong negative correlation was found between Flavobacterium and Methylobacterium, suggesting a mutually competitive relationship. Finally, after considering a total of 266 markers, genetic linkage analysis highlighted three major QTL associated with the abundance of Lysobacter, Rheinheimera and Methylobacterium. All these three genera are known for their beneficial antibacterial activity. Overall, our results provide evidence that host genotype may regulate the abundance of specific genera among their surface microbiota. They also indicate that Lysobacter, Rheinheimera and Methylobacterium are potentially important genera in providing protection against pathogens.

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“…Alternatives to antibiotics and vaccines in the prevention of fish diseases include phage therapy [13], the use of short-chain fatty acids [14], polyhydroxyalkanoates [15], quorum-sensing disruption [16], probiotics [5], and the addition of microalgae to the water system as an enhancement, not as a direct food source [17]. Recently, photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT) was mentioned as an alternative technology for the disinfection of polluted waters from fish-farming ponds [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photodynamic Antimicrobial Chemotherapy in Aquaculture: Photoinactivation Studies of Vibrio fischeri

et al. 2011

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BackgroundPhotodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT) combines light, a light-absorbing molecule that initiates a photochemical or photophysical reaction, and oxygen. The combined action of these three components originates reactive oxygen species that lead to microorganisms' destruction. The aim was to evaluate the efficiency of PACT on Vibrio fischeri: 1) with buffer solution, varying temperature, pH, salinity and oxygen concentration values; 2) with aquaculture water, to reproduce photoinactivation (PI) conditions in situ.Methodology/Principal FindingsTo monitor the PI kinetics, the bioluminescence of V. fischeri was measured during the experiments. A tricationic meso-substituted porphyrin (Tri-Py+-Me-PF) was used as photosensitizer (5 µM in the studies with buffer solution and 10–50 µM in the studies with aquaculture water); artificial white light (4 mW cm−2) and solar irradiation (40 mW cm−2) were used as light sources; and the bacterial concentration used for all experiments was ≈107 CFU mL−1 (corresponding to a bioluminescence level of 105 relative light units - RLU). The variations in pH (6.5–8.5), temperature (10–25°C), salinity (20–40 g L−1) and oxygen concentration did not significantly affect the PI of V. fischeri, once in all tested conditions the bioluminescent signal decreased to the detection limit of the method (≈7 log reduction). The assays using aquaculture water showed that the efficiency of the process is affected by the suspended matter. Total PI of V. fischeri in aquaculture water was achieved under solar light in the presence of 20 µM of Tri-Py+-Me-PF.Conclusions/SignificanceIf PACT is to be used in environmental applications, the matrix containing target microbial communities should be previously characterized in order to establish an efficient protocol having into account the photosensitizer concentration, the light source and the total light dose delivered. The possibility of using solar light in PACT to treat aquaculture water makes this technology cost-effective and attractive.

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Poly-Î²-hydroxybutyrate-accumulating bacteria protect gnotobiotic Artemia franciscana from pathogenic Vibrio campbellii

Cited by 93 publications

References 35 publications

Network Analysis Highlights Complex Interactions between Pathogen, Host and Commensal Microbiota

Network Analysis Highlights Complex Interactions between Pathogen, Host and Commensal Microbiota

Inter Individual Variations of the Fish Skin Microbiota: Host Genetics Basis of Mutualism?

Photodynamic Antimicrobial Chemotherapy in Aquaculture: Photoinactivation Studies of Vibrio fischeri

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