Polarization Dependence of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering in Gold Nanoparticle−Nanowire Systems

Wei, Hong; Feng, Hao; Huang, Yingzhou; Wang, Wenzhong; Nordlander, Peter; Xu, Hongxing

doi:10.1021/nl8015297

Cited by 274 publications

(257 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(75 reference statements)

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“…58,85 The nanogap between a nanoparticle and a nanowire could be the hotspot of SERS for a sensitive sensor. In addition, a disruption point in this system, such as a sharp corner or the terminals in the nanowire, or a nanoparticle-adjoined nanowire could be the position for the efficient coupling of light into and out of PSPPs.…”

Section: Nanoparticle-nanowire Metal Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13,14 The dominate contribution to this enhancement is generally thought to be the EM fields greatly enhanced by localized SPPs. 12,52,58 In addition, the charge transfer processes, which are the electronic structure variation of molecules adsorbed on metal surfaces, also play an important role in the SERS effect. [45][46][47][48]54 The area where the highest EM field enhancement is generated in a nanostructure is called a 'hot spot', such as the nanogap between the nanoparticle dimer and the gaps between nanoparticles and wires.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanowire-supported plasmonic waveguide for remote excitation of surface-enhanced Raman scattering

et al. 2014

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Due to its amazing ability to manipulate light at the nanoscale, plasmonics has become one of the most interesting topics in the field of light-matter interaction. As a promising application of plasmonics, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has been widely used in scientific investigations and material analysis. The large enhanced Raman signals are mainly caused by the extremely enhanced electromagnetic field that results from localized surface plasmon polaritons. Recently, a novel SERS technology called remote SERS has been reported, combining both localized surface plasmon polaritons and propagating surface plasmon polaritons (PSPPs, or called plasmonic waveguide), which may be found in prominent applications in special circumstances compared to traditional local SERS. In this article, we review the mechanism of remote SERS and its development since it was first reported in 2009. Various remote metal systems based on plasmonic waveguides, such as nanoparticle-nanowire systems, single nanowire systems, crossed nanowire systems and nanowire dimer systems, are introduced, and recent novel applications, such as sensors, plasmon-driven surface-catalyzed reactions and Raman optical activity, are also presented. Furthermore, studies of remote SERS in dielectric and organic systems based on dielectric waveguides remind us that this useful technology has additional, tremendous application prospects that have not been realized in metal systems.

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Section: Nanoparticle-nanowire Metal Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanowire-supported plasmonic waveguide for remote excitation of surface-enhanced Raman scattering

et al. 2014

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“…The electromagnetic (EM) enhancement near the metal surface, which is caused by the resonant excitation of surface plasmon [5], is the dominating reason for the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) [1,6]. Huge SERS with single molecule sensitivity can be obtained when molecules are located in the nano-gap between two metallic nano-structures [1,2,7,8,9]. A lot of efforts have been made to seek extreme sensitive SERS substrates [10,11,12].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of quantum tunneling in metal nanogap on surface-enhanced Raman scattering

Mao¹,

Li²,

Wu³

et al. 2009

Applied Physics Letters

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The quantum tunneling effects between two silver plates are studied using the time dependent density functional theory. Our results show that the tunneling depends mainly on the separation and the initial local field of the interstice between plates. The smaller separation and larger local field, the easier the electrons tunnels through the interstice. Our numerical calculation shows that when the separation is smaller than 0.6 nm the quantum tunneling dramatically reduces the enhancing ability of interstice between nanoparticles.PACS numbers: 33.20.Fb, 03.65.Xp, 78.67.Bf Metal nano-gaps offering strong surface plasmon couplings have very rich physical properties. The related studies have been very hot topics in the field of plamonics, e.g., single molecule surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy [1,2], optical nano-antennas [3], high-harmonic generation [4]. The electromagnetic (EM) enhancement near the metal surface, which is caused by the resonant excitation of surface plasmon [5], is the dominating reason for the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) [1,6]. Huge SERS with single molecule sensitivity can be obtained when molecules are located in the nano-gap between two metallic nano-structures [1,2,7,8,9]. A lot of efforts have been made to seek extreme sensitive SERS substrates [10,11,12].Theoretically, people have used many methods based on the classical electrodynamics [13,14,15] to estimate the SERS enhancement. These classical results indicate that the smaller the nano-gap, the higher the enhancement. However, as the separation decreases to 1 nm, the displacive current would partly become electron tunneling current which can reduce the EM enhancement substantially [16]. A recent experiment on the four-wave mixing at coupled gold nanoparticles clearly demonstrated that the quantum tunneling (QT) effect becomes significant for the distance smaller than 0.2 nm [17], and a recent study of the plasmon resonance of a nanoparticle dimer gave quantum description of such a phenomenon [18]. It is well known that the EM enhancement is the main contribution to SERS. Its enhancement factor is proportional to the fourth power of the local field enhancement, i.e. M 4 , where M =|E loc |/|E 0 | with E loc and E 0 being the local enhanced electric field and the incident electric field, respectively. Therefore, even for small QT effects on M , after a fourth power, the influence to SERS could be huge. In this Letter we investigate the effects of QT on SERS with the time dependent density functional theory [19]. Our studies are able to quantify these effects and point out at exactly what conditions the QT has to be taken into account.As the "hot spot", where the SERS is strongest, is lo- * Electronic address: bwu@aphy.iphy.ac.cn † Electronic address: hxxu@aphy.iphy.ac.cn FIG. 1: Schematic drawing of the "hot spot" between two silver nano-spheres. As the "hot spot" (shaded area) is small, its local field is almost identical to the one computed by replacing the sphere with a plate. E0 is the incident laser field.calized i...

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“…This is in line with expectation, given the fact that light polarized perpendicular to the long axis of a nanowire can more efficiently excite propagating surface plasmons when a laser is irradiated at a coupling point. 28) This stronger coupling therefore leads to a stronger excitation of propagating surface plasmons travelling along the nanowire, which can thus explain the above observation.…”

Section: Tersmentioning

confidence: 75%

Remote excitation-tip-enhanced Raman scattering microscopy using silver nanowire

Fujita¹,

Walke²,

Feyter³

et al. 2016

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.

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Tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS) microscopy is a promising technique for use in surface analysis, allowing both topographic and spectroscopic information to be obtained simultaneously at a scale below 10 nm. One proposed method to further improve spatial resolution is the use of propagating surface plasmons as an excitation light source (i.e., remote excitation). However, this requires a specialized tip that can only be fabricated via expensive procedures, such as electron-beam lithography. Here, we propose a new method for fabricating silver nanowire-based tips that are suitable for remote excitation-TERS, removing the need for such techniques. A silver nanowire was fixed onto a tungsten-tip using a micromanipulator, before gold nanoparticles were attached in a site-specific manner using AC-dielectrophoresis. All the processes were completed using an optical microscope in the ambient. The background intensities in TERS spectra were suppressed with remote excitation relative to the conventional excitation configuration, indicating an increase in TERS sensitivity.

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Polarization Dependence of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering in Gold Nanoparticle−Nanowire Systems

Cited by 274 publications

References 32 publications

Nanowire-supported plasmonic waveguide for remote excitation of surface-enhanced Raman scattering

Nanowire-supported plasmonic waveguide for remote excitation of surface-enhanced Raman scattering

Effects of quantum tunneling in metal nanogap on surface-enhanced Raman scattering

Remote excitation-tip-enhanced Raman scattering microscopy using silver nanowire

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