Polaritonic Rabi and Josephson Oscillations

Abstract

The dynamics of coupled condensates is a wide-encompassing problem with relevance to superconductors, BECs in traps, superfluids, etc. Here, we provide a unified picture of this fundamental problem that includes i) detuning of the free energies, ii) different self-interaction strengths and iii) finite lifetime of the modes. At such, this is particularly relevant for the dynamics of polaritons, both for their internal dynamics between their light and matter constituents, as well as for the more conventional dynamics of two spatially separated condensates. Polaritons are short-lived, interact only through their material fraction and are easily detuned. At such, they bring several variations to their atomic counterpart. We show that the combination of these parameters results in important twists to the phenomenology of the Josephson effect, such as the behaviour of the relative phase (running or oscillating) or the occurence of self-trapping. We undertake a comprehensive stability analysis of the fixed points on a normalized Bloch sphere, that allows us to provide a generalized criterion to identify the Rabi and Josephson regimes in presence of detuning and decay.

Competing role of interactions in synchronisation of exciton–polariton condensates

“…The condensate density is then no longer stationary in time. Here a plot of the polariton occupations in each trap, in figure 5(b), indicates ac Josephson-like oscillations between the detuned traps, with a running phase [20,35,47,50,51]. The TCMT and SSI exhibit excellent agreement in all three cases, which helps validate the preceding results of the two-mode TCMT.…”

Nonclassical statistics from a polaritonic Josephson junction

“…The analysis shows that sub-Poissonian polariton statistics is well within reach of state-of-the-art microcavity samples. The protocol could be extended to a larger number of localized modes and may also be achieved through internal oscillations between the polariton pseudospin components [52] or even Rabi oscillations between the upper and lower polaritons' modes [53].…”

Phononic Josephson oscillation and self-trapping with two-phonon exchange interaction

“…Bosonic Josephson junction (BJJ), a bosonic analog of the superconducting Josephson junction, was first proposed and observed in two weakly coupled Bose-Einstein condensates [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] to study macroscopic tunneling. After that BJJ has also been studied both theoretically and experimentally in other nonlinear bosonic systems, such as coupled nonlinear optical cavities [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] and nanomechanical resonators [19]. One important application of BJJ is to serve as a quantum interference device [20].…”