Pneumococcal vaccine implementation in the African meningitis belt countries: the emerging need for alternative strategies

Large populations across sub-Saharan Africa remain at risk of devastating acute bacterial meningitis epidemics and endemic disease. Meningitis surveillance is a cornerstone of disease control, essential for describing temporal changes in disease epidemiology, the rapid detection of outbreaks, guiding vaccine introduction and monitoring vaccine impact. However, meningitis surveillance in most African countries is weak, undermined by parallel surveillance systems with little to no synergy and limited laboratory capacity. African countries need to implement comprehensive meningitis surveillance systems to adapt to the rapidly changing disease trends and vaccine landscapes. The World Health Organization and partners have developed a new investment case to restructure vaccine-preventable disease surveillance. With this new structure, countries will establish comprehensive and sustainable meningitis surveillance systems integrated with greater harmonization between population-based and sentinel surveillance systems. There will also be stronger linkage with existing surveillance systems for vaccine-preventable diseases, such as polio, measles, yellow fever, and rotavirus, as well as with other epidemic-prone diseases to leverage their infrastructure, transport systems, equipment, human resources and funding. The implementation of these concepts is currently being piloted in a few countries in sub-Saharan Africa with support from the World Health Organization and other partners. African countries need to take urgent action to improve synergies and coordination between different surveillance systems to set joint priorities that will inform action to control devastating acute bacterial meningitis effectively.

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ST of <i>Streptococcus pneumonia</i> Circulating in Burkina Faso before the Introduction of PCV-13, 2013

Kambiré¹,

Tamboura²,

Ouédraogo³

et al. 2023

AiM

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Introduction: Burkina Faso experiences regular cases of Streptococcus pneumoniae meningitis. As part of the strategy to reduce cases of meningitis, the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV-13) has been introduced in the Expanded Programme on Immunisation (EPI). Despite these efforts, there are some cases of pneumococcal meningitis including both vaccine and non-vaccine serotypes. The objective of this study was to describe the pneumococcal sequence types (ST) circulating in Burkina Faso before the introduction of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV-13). Methods: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study that took place from 27 th October 2013 to 7 th January 2014. S. pneumoniae strains were collected in Burkina Faso and Multi Locus Sequence Typing (MLST) was performed at the Pneumococcal Laboratory at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in the USA (United States of America). MLST consists of 4 steps: amplification, purification, sequencing and interpretative reading of the results. The amplification used 7 primers consisting of sequences of aroe, gdh, gki, recP, spi, xpt, ddl genes. Results: Of 37 strains tested, 10 serotypes were

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Pneumococcal vaccine implementation in the African meningitis belt countries: the emerging need for alternative strategies

Cited by 3 publications

References 78 publications

Vaccination and vaccine-preventable diseases in Africa

Vaccination and vaccine-preventable diseases in Africa

Toward Establishing Integrated, Comprehensive, and Sustainable Meningitis Surveillance in Africa to Better Inform Vaccination Strategies

ST of <i>Streptococcus pneumonia</i> Circulating in Burkina Faso before the Introduction of PCV-13, 2013

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Pneumococcal vaccine implementation in the African meningitis belt countries: the emerging need for alternative strategies

Cited by 3 publications

References 78 publications

Vaccination and vaccine-preventable diseases in Africa

Vaccination and vaccine-preventable diseases in Africa

Toward Establishing Integrated, Comprehensive, and Sustainable Meningitis Surveillance in Africa to Better Inform Vaccination Strategies

ST of &lt;i&gt;Streptococcus pneumonia&lt;/i&gt; Circulating in Burkina Faso before the Introduction of PCV-13, 2013

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ST of <i>Streptococcus pneumonia</i> Circulating in Burkina Faso before the Introduction of PCV-13, 2013