Pneumococcal Meningitis in Children

Etiology and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Acute Bacterial Meningitis in Children: A 10-Year Referral Hospital-Based Study in Northwest Iran

“…We found that the most prevalent organisms isolated from CSF were S. pneumoniae , H. influenzae type b, N. meningitidis , and Serratia spp., respectively. This finding is in close accordance with studies performed in countries where meningitis vaccine is not administered (11, 19). Meanwhile, according to the results of previous studies conducted in other areas of Iran, S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae type b were the main bacteria isolated from CSF, respectively.…”

Bacterial meningitis in Nottingham

“…Among laboratory findings, a raised CSF protein and isolation of the organism by blood culture offered the clearest evidence of a poor prognosis (Table 4). The observed mortality of 360 with bacteraemia and 50 without, is consistent with other reports (Weiss et al 1967;Hodges & Perkins, 1975;Laxey & Marks, 1977). A low CSF white cell count and a low glucose concentration were associated with a trend towards higher mortality, supporting the findings of several other groups (Quaade & Kristensen, 1962;Hodges & Perkins, 1975;Baird, Whittle & Greenwood, 1976).…”

Bacterial meningitis – ten years experience

“…However, even this is not absolutely reliable since it was also observed in two of the pneumococcal patients and one of the haemophilus patients. Petechial rashes in patients from these latter groups have been reported by other authors (Carpenter & Petersdorf, 1962;Hodges & Perkins, 1975;Jensen, Ranek & Rosdahl, 1969;Johnsson & Alvin, 1971;Laxer & Marks, 1977).…”

“…More importantly, the only prospective randomized study comparing single with combination therapy showed a significant reduction in morbidity and mortality in 140 patients given ampicillin, chloramphenicol and streptomycin (Mathies et al 1967). Retrospective studies, such as the present one, are obviously less satisfactory for analysing treatment but other studies have either failed to show any beneficial effect of multiple therapy (Laxer & Marks, 1977;Baird et al 1976) or have shown a detrimental effect (Lindberg et al 1977). A prospective study of the treatment of haemophilus meningitis with either chloramphenicol or ampicillin showed no difference in outcome between the two groups (Feigin et al 1976).…”