Plumericin prevents intestinal inflammation and oxidative stress in vitro and in vivo

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are characterized by an inflammatory and oxidative stress condition in the intestinal tissue. In this study, we evaluated the effect of plumericin, one of the main bioactive components of Himatanthus sucuuba (Woodson) bark, on intestinal inflammation and oxidative stress, both in vitro and in vivo. The effect of plumericin (0.5‐2 µM) in vitro was evaluated in rat intestinal epithelial cells (IEC‐6) treated with lipopolysaccharides from E. coli (10 μg/mL) plus interferon‐γ (10 U/mL). Moreover, a 2,4,6‐dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS)‐induced colitis model was used to evaluate the anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant activity of plumericin (3 mg/kg) in vivo. The results showed that plumericin significantly reduces intestinal inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor‐α, cyclooxygenase‐2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression, and nitrotyrosine formation. Plumericin also inhibited nuclear factor‐κB translocation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) release, and inflammasome activation. Moreover, plumericin activated the nuclear factor erythroid‐derived 2 pathway in IEC‐6. Using the DNBS‐induced colitis model, a significant reduction in the weight loss and in the development of the macroscopic and histologic signs of colon injury, together with a reduced inflammatory and oxidative stress state, were observed in plumericin‐treated mice. These results indicate that plumericin exerts a strong anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant activity. Thus, it might be a candidate for the development of a new pharmacologic approach for IBDs treatment.

Labdane-Type Diterpenes from the Aerial Parts of Rydingia persica: Their Absolute Configurations and Protective Effects on LPS-Induced Inflammation in Keratinocytes

“…27 Thus, the compounds were investigated for their effect on nitrotyrosine formation, as triggered by LPS in the HaCaT cells. 39 The results exhibited a notable inhibition of the nitrotyrosine formation by all compounds investigated in a concentration-dependent manner ( p < 0.001 vs LPS alone). Other important regulators in wound-healing processes are tight-junction proteins.…”

Recycling of Almond By-Products for Intestinal Inflammation: Improvement of Physical-Chemical, Technological and Biological Characteristics of a Dried Almond Skins Extract

“…IEC-6 cells were plated and allowed to adhere for 24 h at 37 °C in a 5% CO 2 atmosphere. ASE and formulation (CD-ASE; 50–5 μg/mL) were then added for 1 h and then co-exposed to lipopolysaccharides from E. coli (LPS; 10 μg/mL) plus interferon-γ (IFN; 10 U/mL) for different experimental times, as indicated below [ 20 ]. In order to further evaluate the antioxidant potential of almond ASE, and CD-ASE, in another set of experiments, the IEC-6 cells were incubated with the tested products (50–5 μg/mL) for 1 h alone, and then simultaneously to hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ; 1 mM) [ 21 ].…”

Bioactive Polyphenols from Pomegranate Juice Reduce 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Intestinal Mucositis in Intestinal Epithelial Cells

“…First, a fixing solution was added to the IEC-6 cells for 20 min and after the cells were incubated in fix perm solution for a further 30 min. Anti-cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2; BD Transduction Laboratories, Milan, Italy), anti-inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS; BD Transduction Laboratories, Milan, Italy), anti-heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1; Santa Cruz Biotechnologies, Dallas, TX, USA), anti-NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone) 1 (NQO1; Santa Cruz Biotechnologies, Dallas, TX, USA), anti-Bax (Santa Cruz Biotechnologies, Dallas, TX, USA), anti-Bcl-2 (Santa Cruz Biotechnologies, Dallas, TX, USA), anti-Bcl-xL (Thermofisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA), anti-caspase 3 (Thermofisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA), anti-claudin 1 (Thermofisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA), anti-Occludin (Thermofisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA), anti-Z-Occludin 1 (ZO-1; Thermofisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA), anti-E-cadherin (Cell Signaling Technology, Dellaertweg 9b, The Netherlands) or anti-nitrotyrosine (Merck Millipore, Milan, Italy) antibodies were then added for 1 h. The secondary antibody was added to IEC-6 cells in fixing solution and cell fluorescence was then evaluated by a fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACSscan; Becton Dickinson, Milan, Italy) and then elaborated by Cell Quest software (version 4; Becton Dickinson, Milan, Italy) [27].…”