Plasma Leptin Levels Are Associated with Coronary Atherosclerosis in Type 2 Diabetes

Reilly, Muredach P.; Iqbal, Nayyar; Schutta, Mark; Wolfe, Megan L.; Scally, Monique; Localio, A. Russell; Rader, Daniel J.; Kimmel, Stephen E.

doi:10.1210/jc.2003-031676

Cited by 192 publications

(150 citation statements)

References 55 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

131

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Increased levels of TNF-a, IL-6, CRP, leptin, and resistin have been linked to obesity and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18). In the present study, we found chemerin to strongly correlate with all of these markers of inflammation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Chemerin is associated with markers of inflammation and components of the metabolic syndrome but does not predict coronary atherosclerosis

Lehrke¹,

Becker

Martin

et al. 2009

European Journal of Endocrinology

263

205

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives: Chemerin is a recently discovered adipokine that regulates adipocyte differentiation and modulates chemotaxis and activation of dendritic cells and macrophages. Given the convergence of adipocyte and macrophage function, chemerin may provide an interesting link between obesity, inflammation and atherosclerosis in humans. We sought to examine the relationship of i) chemerin and markers of inflammation, ii) chemerin and components of the metabolic syndrome, and iii) chemerin and coronary atherosclerotic plaque burden and morphology. Design: Serum chemerin levels were determined in 303 patients with stable typical or atypical chest pain who underwent dual-source multi-slice CT-angiography to exclude coronary artery stenosis. Atherosclerotic plaques were classified as calcified, mixed, or non-calcified. Results: Chemerin levels were highly correlated with high sensitivity C-reactive protein (rZ0.44, P!0.0001), interleukin-6 (rZ0.18, PZ0.002), tumor necrosis factor-a (rZ0.24, P!0.0001), resistin (rZ0.28, P!0.0001), and leptin (rZ0.36, P!0.0001) concentrations. Furthermore, chemerin was associated with components of the metabolic syndrome including body mass index (rZ0.23, PZ0.0002), triglycerides (rZ0.29, P!0.0001), HDL-cholesterol (rZK0.18, PZ0.003), and hypertension (P!0.0001). In bivariate analysis, chemerin levels were weakly correlated with coronary plaque burden (rZ0.16, PZ0.006) and the number of non-calcified plaques (rZ0.14, PZ0.02). These associations, however, were lost after adjusting for established cardiovascular risk factors (odds ratio, OR 1.17, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.97-1.41, PZ0.11 for coronary plaque burden; OR 1.06, 95% CI 0.96-1.17, PZ0.22 for non-calcified plaques). Conclusions: Chemerin is strongly associated with markers of inflammation and components of the metabolic syndrome. However, chemerin does not predict coronary atherosclerosis.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Chemerin is associated with markers of inflammation and components of the metabolic syndrome but does not predict coronary atherosclerosis

Lehrke¹,

Becker

Martin

et al. 2009

European Journal of Endocrinology

263

205

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Leptin was also reported to stimulate calcification of endothelial cells in vitro, which may indicate an increased risk of atherosclerosis. [23,36] Although previous studies reported the association between plasma leptin levels and ED in diabetic patients, [34] such an association was not noted in the present study, in which the diabetics were excluded.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 74%

“…Leptin, another hormone secreted by adipocytes, displays a strong association with CV risk factors, including insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and higher serum levels of inflammatory markers such as hs-CRP, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, and soluble TNF-alpha receptors, [34,35] and thus may promote atherosclerosis. Leptin was also reported to stimulate calcification of endothelial cells in vitro, which may indicate an increased risk of atherosclerosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Ghrelin Levels Are Associated with Coronary Microvascular and Endothelial Dysfunction in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cardiovascular (CV) disease is the main cause of death in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients, and endothelial dysfunction (ED)is an early sign of vascular pathology. Ghrelin, a gastric peptide with CV actions, has been shown to inhibit proatherogenic changes in experimental models. However, another peptide hormone, leptin, may mediate deleterious effects on the CV system. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between plasma ghrelin and leptin levels, and their association with coronary microvascular and endothelial functions in PD patients. Twenty-four (14 females and 10 males; mean age 44 ± 12 yr) nondiabetic PD patients, between 18 and 70 years of age, were enrolled. In addition to demographic, clinical, and laboratory parameters, plasma concentrations of ghrelin and leptin were evaluated. Endothelial functions of the coronary arteries were determined by coronary flow reserve (CFR) measurement using transthoracic Doppler echocardiography (TTDE). A CFR value of < 2 was used as an evidence for ED. When the study group was divided according to CFR measurements as CFR < 2 and ≥ 2, there were no significant differences considering age, gender, etiology of renal disease, body mass index (BMI), duration of dialysis, PD modality, PD solution type, history of peritonitis, mean arterial pressure, ejection fraction, and biochemical parameters between the two subgroups. Plasma ghrelin levels (129.4 ± 82.1 pg/mL) in patients with CFR ≥ 2 were significantly higher than those in patients with CFR< 2 (63.3 ± 35.8 pg/mL) (p = 0.03). However, no significant differences in plasma leptin levels were found between these groups [31.39 ± 37.81 ng/mL vs. 63.95 ± 72.83 ng/mL (p = 0.28)]. No correlation existed between plasma ghrelin levels and age, BMI, duration of dialysis, mean arterial pressure, ejection fraction, plasma leptin levels, and biochemical parameters. Decreased plasma ghrelin levels may contribute to the development of atherosclerosis in PD patients by causing ED.

show abstract

“…It has also been proposed as an independent risk factor for CVD and as an important link between obesity and cardiovascular risk [31,32]. Paradoxically, markedly increased plasma leptin levels were found in obese individuals, suggesting a resistance to its effects on target organs when produced excessively [33].…”

Section: The Role Of Leptin In Metabolic Syndrome and Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of leptin/adiponectin ratio in metabolic syndrome and diabetes

López‐Jaramillo¹,

Gómez-Arbeláez²,

López‐López

et al. 2013

Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation

339

299

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:The metabolic syndrome comprises a cluster of cardiometabolic risk factors, with insulin resistance and adiposity as its central features. Identifying individuals with metabolic syndrome is important due to its association with an increased risk of coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Attention has focused on the visceral adipose tissue production of cytokines (adipokines) in metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus, as the levels of the anti-inflammatory adipokine adiponectin are decreased, while proinflammatory cytokines are elevated, creating a proinflammatory state associated with insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction. In this review, we will give special attention to the role of the leptin/adiponectin ratio. We have previously demonstrated that in individuals with severe coronary artery disease, abdominal obesity was uniquely related to decreased plasma concentrations of adiponectin and increased leptin levels. Leptin/adiponectin imbalance was associated with increased waist circumference and a decreased vascular response to acetylcholine and increased vasoconstriction due to angiotensin II. Leptin and adiponectin have opposite effects on subclinical inflammation and insulin resistance. Leptin upregulates proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6; these are associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. In contrast, adiponectin has anti-inflammatory properties and downregulates the expression and release of a number of proinflammatory immune mediators. Therefore, it appears that interactions between angiotensin II and leptin/adiponectin imbalance may be important mediators of the elevated risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases associated with abdominal obesity.

show abstract

Plasma Leptin Levels Are Associated with Coronary Atherosclerosis in Type 2 Diabetes

Cited by 192 publications

References 55 publications

Chemerin is associated with markers of inflammation and components of the metabolic syndrome but does not predict coronary atherosclerosis

Chemerin is associated with markers of inflammation and components of the metabolic syndrome but does not predict coronary atherosclerosis

Plasma Ghrelin Levels Are Associated with Coronary Microvascular and Endothelial Dysfunction in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

The role of leptin/adiponectin ratio in metabolic syndrome and diabetes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About