Plasma Apolipoprotein Levels Are Associated with Cognitive Status and Decline in a Community Cohort of Older Individuals

Abstract

ObjectivesApolipoproteins have recently been implicated in the etiology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In particular, Apolipoprotein J (ApoJ or clusterin) has been proposed as a biomarker of the disease at the pre-dementia stage. We examined a group of apolipoproteins, including ApoA1, ApoA2, ApoB, ApoC3, ApoE, ApoH and ApoJ, in the plasma of a longitudinal community based cohort.Methods664 subjects (257 with Mild Cognitive Impairment [MCI] and 407 with normal cognition), mean age 78 years, from the Sydney Memory and Aging Study (MAS) were followed up over two years. Plasma apolipoprotein levels at baseline (Wave 1) were measured using a multiplex bead fluorescence immunoassay technique.ResultsAt Wave 1, MCI subjects had lower levels of ApoA1, ApoA2 and ApoH, and higher levels of ApoE and ApoJ, and a higher ApoB/ApoA1 ratio. Carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele had significantly lower levels of plasma ApoE, ApoC3 and ApoH and a significantly higher level of ApoB. Global cognitive scores were correlated positively with ApoH and negatively with ApoJ levels. ApoJ and ApoE levels were correlated negatively with grey matter volume and positively with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volume on MRI. Lower ApoA1, ApoA2 and ApoH levels, and higher ApoB/ApoA1 ratio, increased the risk of cognitive decline over two years in cognitively normal individuals. ApoA1 was the most significant predictor of decline. These associations remained after statistically controlling for lipid profile. Higher ApoJ levels predicted white matter atrophy over two years.ConclusionsElderly individuals with MCI have abnormal apolipoprotein levels, which are related to cognitive function and volumetric MRI measures cross-sectionally and are predictive of cognitive impairment in cognitively normal subjects. ApoA1, ApoH and ApoJ are potential plasma biomarkers of cognitive decline in non-demented elderly individuals.

Investigating the influence of KIBRA and CLSTN2 genetic polymorphisms on cross-sectional and longitudinal measures of memory performance and hippocampal volume in older individuals

“…There was no significant difference in background variables in any of the samples between the two different KIBRA genotype groups (see Table 1), or between the four different KIBRA/CLSTN2 genotype groups (data not shown). APOE genotyping was performed using Taqman genotyping assays for the two SNPs, rs429358 and rs7412 to genotype the three APOE alleles, ε2/3/4 as per Song et al 2012. Participants were classified as an APOE ε4 carrier or not.…”

The Effects of a Three-Month College Football Practice on Apo-proteins A and B of Inactive Young Men

“…This increase in HDL prevents cholesterol depositing in blood vessels (Segrest, 2013;Haram et al, 2009;Jenkins et al, 2010 andMichelle, 2009). Increasing HDL increases the level of Apo A as its major component (Ghorbanian et al, 2013;Song et al, 2012). Moreover, studies approve of the positive effects of physical activities and believe that physical activities significantly increase Apoprotein A and decrease Apoprotein B levels (Arazi, 2012).…”

“…Lipoproteins are formed by particles called lipids and proteins including free cholesterol, esterified cholesterol, triglyceride and phospholipids along with quadruple lipids (Song et al, 2012). The proteins of lipoprotein structure are called Apo lipoprotein and Apo protein (Niklas et al, 2009).…”

“…This modern age is experiencing increased cardiovascular diseases and higher mortality rates due to inert lifestyles and bad nutrition habits along with stress (Haram et al, 2009;Mestek et al, 2009). Hyperlipidemia is among the major reasons for people suffering cardiovascular diseases (Song et al, 2012). Several studies have revealed that the main reason for this is the increase in Apo protein B and Apo protein A of blood in these people (Parish et al, 2009;Yourka et al, 2008).…”

Amyloid-Independent Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment and Serum Apolipoprotein A1 Levels

“…APOA1 is also one of the main apolipoproteins, together with apolipoprotein E (ApoE), identified in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) (13). A recent community-based cohort study of elderly M A N U S C R I P T A C C E P T E D ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 3473 4 individuals found a lower concentration of APOA1 in subjects with MCI, compared with cognitively normal (CN) subjects, and observed that both a low baseline plasma APOA1 level and a high plasma apolipoprotein B (APOB)/APOA1 ratio are powerful predictors of cognitive decline in CN subjects (i.e., the progression from a Clinical Dementia Rating [CDR] score of 0 at baseline to a CDR score > 0 after 2 years) (14).…”