Plaque-like demyelination in acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) â an autopsy case report

Guenther, Angela D.; Muñoz, David G.

doi:10.5414/np300634

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Changes in posture and balance have also been seen in severely morbid cases of HSV-1 infection in cotton rats. While these are reported symptoms of HSE in mice (50–52), the loss of balance is also a frequent consequence of ADEM in humans, with lesions in cerebellum and BST reported (59, 60).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Induces Brain Inflammation and Multifocal Demyelination in the Cotton Rat Sigmodon hispidus

Boukhvalova

Mortensen

Mbaye

et al. 2019

J Virol

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Our work demonstrates for the first time a direct association between infection with herpes simplex virus 1, a ubiquitous human pathogen generally associated with facial cold sores, and multifocal brain demyelination in an otherwise normal host, the cotton rat Sigmodon hispidus. For a long time, demyelinating diseases were considered to be autoimmune in nature and were studied by indirect methods, such as immunizing animals with myelin components or feeding them toxic substances that induce demyelination. Treatment against demyelinating diseases has been elusive, partially because of their unknown etiology. This work provides the first experimental evidence for the role of HSV-1 as the etiologic agent of multifocal brain demyelination in a normal host and suggests that vaccination against HSV-1 can help to combat demyelinating disorders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Induces Brain Inflammation and Multifocal Demyelination in the Cotton Rat Sigmodon hispidus

Boukhvalova

Mortensen

Mbaye

et al. 2019

J Virol

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“…Most cases of ADEM are preceded by infection, yet often the infection has cleared before neurological signs and symptoms develop. Tissues samples from ADEM lesions are rarely obtained due to the good prognosis of the condition [7]. Several bacteria and viruses have been identified in ADEM patients.…”

Section: Viruses Common In Adem and Msmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ADEM is characterised by multiple inflammatory lesions in the brain and spinal cord, predominantly in the white matter. These lesions are morphologically indistinguishable from those seen in MS [7]. ADEM often presents as a monophasic condition with multiple neurological signs and symptoms, as well as encephalopathy [1][2][3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis progressing to multiple sclerosis: Are infectious triggers involved?

et al. 2014

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Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) and multiple sclerosis (MS) are demyelinating disorders affecting the central nervous system. An autoimmune aetiology has been proposed for both. ADEM principally affects adolescents following acute infection by a variety of pathogens and has also been reported to occur following vaccination. ADEM typically resolves following medical treatment, whereas MS follows a more relapsing and remitting course. The pathogenesis of MS remains unclear, but it is thought that a combination of infectious and non-infectious environmental factors and host genetics act synergistically to cause disease. A variety of viruses, including Epstein Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus and varicella zoster virus, have been implicated as possible infectious triggers. The similar clinical and pathological presentation of ADEM and MS presents a diagnostic challenge for distinguishing ADEM from a first episode of MS. Some cases of ADEM progress to MS for reasons that are not currently clear. This review examines the evidence for infectious agents as triggers for ADEM progressing to MS and suggests potential methods that may facilitate identification of infectious agents that may be responsible for the pathogenesis of ADEM to MS.

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Language impairments in people with autoimmune neurological diseases: A scoping review

Rook,

Llufriu,

de Kok

et al. 2023

Journal of Communication Disorders

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Plaque-like demyelination in acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) â an autopsy case report

Abstract: The morphology of individual demyelinating< lesions is indistinguishable from the lesions in a new onset case of multiple sclerosis (MS) and adds to the autopsy literature on overlapping neuropathological findings in ADEM and multiple sclerosis.

Cited by 4 publications

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Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Induces Brain Inflammation and Multifocal Demyelination in the Cotton Rat Sigmodon hispidus

Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Induces Brain Inflammation and Multifocal Demyelination in the Cotton Rat Sigmodon hispidus

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis progressing to multiple sclerosis: Are infectious triggers involved?

Language impairments in people with autoimmune neurological diseases: A scoping review

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Plaque-like demyelination in acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) â an autopsy case report

Abstract: The morphology of individual demyelinating< lesions is indistinguishable from the lesions in a new onset case of multiple sclerosis (MS) and adds to the autopsy literature on overlapping neuropathological findings in ADEM and multiple sclerosis.

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Induces Brain Inflammation and Multifocal Demyelination in the Cotton Rat Sigmodon hispidus

Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Induces Brain Inflammation and Multifocal Demyelination in the Cotton Rat Sigmodon hispidus

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis progressing to multiple sclerosis: Are infectious triggers involved?

Language impairments in people with autoimmune neurological diseases: A scoping review

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Product

Resources

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Plaque-like demyelination in acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) â an autopsy case report