Plant Responses to Biotic Stress: Old Memories Matter

Bhar, Anirban; Chakraborty, Amrita; Roy, Amit

doi:10.3390/plants11010084

Cited by 41 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…Plants are continuously exposed to a wide range of adverse challenges under natural environmental conditions, which adversely affect plant growth, development, crop quality, and quantity. They are faced with various biotic stresses, including bacteria, fungi, viruses, herbivorous insects, and nematodes [1]. Moreover, abiotic stresses, such as salinity, drought, and extreme temperature, affect many physiological processes in plants [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meta-Analysis of Common and Differential Transcriptomic Responses to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses in Arabidopsis thaliana

Biniaz

Tahmasebi

Afsharifar

et al. 2022

Plants

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Environmental stresses adversely affect crop growth and yield, resulting in major losses to plants. These stresses occur simultaneously in nature, and we therefore conducted a meta-analysis in this study to identify differential and shared genes, pathways, and transcriptomic mechanisms involved in Arabidopsis response to biotic and abiotic stresses. The results showed a total of 436/21 significant up-/downregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in response to biotic stresses, while 476 and 71 significant DEGs were respectively up- and downregulated in response to abiotic stresses in Arabidopsis thaliana. In addition, 21 DEGs (2.09%) were commonly regulated in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Except for WRKY45 and ATXTH22, which were respectively up-/down- and down-/upregulated in response to biotic and abiotic stresses, other common DEGs were upregulated in response to all biotic and abiotic treatments. Moreover, the transcription factors (TFs) bHLH, MYB, and WRKY were the common TFs in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. In addition, ath-miR414 and ath-miR5658 were identified to be commonly expressed in response to both biotic and abiotic stresses. The identified common genes and pathways during biotic and abiotic stresses may provide potential candidate targets for the development of stress resistance breeding programs and for the genetic manipulation of crop plants.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meta-Analysis of Common and Differential Transcriptomic Responses to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses in Arabidopsis thaliana

Biniaz

Tahmasebi

Afsharifar

et al. 2022

Plants

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“…Plants are threatened by diverse pathogens in the natural environment during their life cycle. To defend against invading pathogens, plants have evolved a specific immune system, in which the first line of defence response called PAMP- triggered immunity (PTI) and the second called effector-triggered immunity (ETI) ( Dangl and Jones, 2001 ; Bhar et al, 2021 ). The disease RESISTANCE ( R ) gene can recognize invading pathogens and initiate the second line of defence ( Jones and Dangl, 2006 ; Bhar et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide analysis of NBS-LRR genes in Rosaceae species reveals distinct evolutionary patterns

Guo

Chen²,

Zhang³

et al. 2022

Front. Genet.

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The nucleotide-binding site and leucine-rich repeat (NBS-LRR) genes, one of the largest gene families in plants, are evolving rapidly and playing a critical role in plant resistance to pathogens. In this study, a genome-wide search in 12 Rosaceae genomes screened out 2188 NBS-LRR genes, with the gene number varied distinctively across different species. The reconciled phylogeny revealed 102 ancestral genes (7 RNLs, 26 TNLs, and 69 CNLs), which underwent independent gene duplication and loss events during the divergence of the Rosaceae. The NBS-LRR genes exhibited dynamic and distinct evolutionary patterns in the 12 Rosaceae species due to independent gene duplication/loss events, which resulted the discrepancy of NBS-LRR gene number among Rosaceae species. Specifically, Rubus occidentalis, Potentilla micrantha, Fragaria iinumae and Gillenia trifoliata, displayed a “first expansion and then contraction” evolutionary pattern; Rosa chinensis exhibited a “continuous expansion” pattern; F. vesca had a “expansion followed by contraction, then a further expansion” pattern, three Prunus species and three Maleae species shared a “early sharp expanding to abrupt shrinking” pattern. Overall, this study elucidated the dynamic and complex evolutionary patterns of NBS-LRR genes in the 12 Rosaceae species, and could assist further investigation of mechanisms driving these evolutionary patterns.

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“…During development, plants display a wide array of adaptive mechanisms in response to changes and challenges in their environment, including biotic or abiotic stresses. These responses can result in intragenerational adaptive phenotypic change (Mozgova et al, 2019;Bhar et al, 2021). For example, multiple intragenerational exposures of A. thaliana to water stress "train" plants to better respond to subsequent exposure to that stress (Ding et al, 2012).…”

Section: Implementation In Breedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Will epigenetics be a key player in crop breeding?

Tonosaki

Fujimoto²,

Dennis³

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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If food and feed production are to keep up with world demand in the face of climate change, continued progress in understanding and utilizing both genetic and epigenetic sources of crop variation is necessary. Progress in plant breeding has traditionally been thought to be due to selection for spontaneous DNA sequence mutations that impart desirable phenotypes. These spontaneous mutations can expand phenotypic diversity, from which breeders can select agronomically useful traits. However, it has become clear that phenotypic diversity can be generated even when the genome sequence is unaltered. Epigenetic gene regulation is a mechanism by which genome expression is regulated without altering the DNA sequence. With the development of high throughput DNA sequencers, it has become possible to analyze the epigenetic state of the whole genome, which is termed the epigenome. These techniques enable us to identify spontaneous epigenetic mutations (epimutations) with high throughput and identify the epimutations that lead to increased phenotypic diversity. These epimutations can create new phenotypes and the causative epimutations can be inherited over generations. There is evidence of selected agronomic traits being conditioned by heritable epimutations, and breeders may have historically selected for epiallele-conditioned agronomic traits. These results imply that not only DNA sequence diversity, but the diversity of epigenetic states can contribute to increased phenotypic diversity. However, since the modes of induction and transmission of epialleles and their stability differ from that of genetic alleles, the importance of inheritance as classically defined also differs. For example, there may be a difference between the types of epigenetic inheritance important to crop breeding and crop production. The former may depend more on longer-term inheritance whereas the latter may simply take advantage of shorter-term phenomena. With the advances in our understanding of epigenetics, epigenetics may bring new perspectives for crop improvement, such as the use of epigenetic variation or epigenome editing in breeding. In this review, we will introduce the role of epigenetic variation in plant breeding, largely focusing on DNA methylation, and conclude by asking to what extent new knowledge of epigenetics in crop breeding has led to documented cases of its successful use.

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Plant Responses to Biotic Stress: Old Memories Matter

Cited by 41 publications

References 84 publications

Meta-Analysis of Common and Differential Transcriptomic Responses to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses in Arabidopsis thaliana

Meta-Analysis of Common and Differential Transcriptomic Responses to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses in Arabidopsis thaliana

Genome-wide analysis of NBS-LRR genes in Rosaceae species reveals distinct evolutionary patterns

Will epigenetics be a key player in crop breeding?

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