“…By installing sensors in objects such as power grids, railways, tunnels, highways, bridges, water supply systems, and oil and gas pipelines, and integrating with the existing Internet, the IoT realizes interconnection between objects. It can be seen in many fields such as intelligent transportation, government work, smart home, environmental monitoring, street lighting management, elderly care, and intelligence collection [36][37][38][39]. Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT), as an important branch of the IoT, has a series of characteristics such as flexible deployment, narrow bandwidth, fast transmission speed, and low energy consumption.…”