Placentation, maternal–fetal interface, and conceptus loss in swine

Kridli, Rami T.; Khalaj, Kasra; Bidarimath, Mallikarjun; Tayade, Chandrakant

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.08.001

Cited by 44 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 102 publications

(176 reference statements)

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“…This suggests positive effects on the feto-placental unit, since the main cause of IUGR is believed to be deficiencies in placental development and efficiency [1, 2]. Hydroxytyrosol may improve placental function through its antioxidant and immuno-modulatory effects [20, 22], since the placenta is tightly regulated by the immune-angiogenesis axis at the maternal interface [29]. Most of the data come from studies in adult humans and the information about their effects on pregnancy-related complications is still scarce [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyphenols and IUGR pregnancies: Maternal hydroxytyrosol supplementation improves prenatal and early-postnatal growth and metabolism of the offspring

Vázquez-Gómez¹,

García-Contreras²,

Torres-Rovira³

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

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Hydroxytyrosol is a polyphenol with antioxidant, metabolism-regulatory, anti-inflammatory and immuno-modulatory properties. The present study aimed to determine whether supplementing the maternal diet with hydroxytyrosol during pregnancy can improve pre- and early post-natal developmental patterns and metabolic traits of the offspring. Experiment was performed in Iberian sows fed a restricted diet in order to increase the risk of IUGR. Ten sows were treated daily with 1.5 mg of hydroxytyrosol per kg of feed between Day 35 of pregnancy (30% of total gestational period) until delivery whilst 10 animals were left untreated as controls. Number and weight of offspring were assessed at birth, on post-natal Day 15 and at weaning (25 days-old). At weaning, body composition and plasma indexes of glucose and lipids were measured. Treatment with hydroxytyrosol was associated with higher mean birth weight, lower incidence of piglets with low birth weight. Afterwards, during the lactation period, piglets in the treated group showed a higher body-weight than control piglets; such effects were even stronger in the most prolific litters. These results suggest that maternal supplementation with hydroxytyrosol may improve pre- and early post-natal development of offspring in pregnancies at risk of IUGR.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyphenols and IUGR pregnancies: Maternal hydroxytyrosol supplementation improves prenatal and early-postnatal growth and metabolism of the offspring

Vázquez-Gómez¹,

García-Contreras²,

Torres-Rovira³

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

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“…Meishan pigs have lower prenatal mortality than commercial breeds, including Duroc [1,8]. The molecular mechanisms affecting embryonic mortality are still not well understood, especially during mid-late gestation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Litter size, which depends on ovulation rate, fertilization rate, and conceptus survival to term, is one of the most important economic traits affecting production efficiency in pig the industry [1]. Although fertility in the sow is directly linked to the ovulation rate, the main barrier to increasing litter size in pigs is prenatal mortality [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Between 20-45% of embryos are lost in pig pregnancy, which is a major challenge to the commercial swine industry [8]. In pigs, embryonic losses occur during two critical developmental stages; 20-30% occur during the peri-implantation (day 10-30 of gestation (GD10-30)), and an additional 10-15% of embryos are lost at mid-late gestation (GD50-90) [1,8]. Although investigators have identified genetics [9], uterine capacity [10], and angiogenesis at the maternal-fetal interface [11] as important factors, the underlying reasons responsible for spontaneous conceptus loss are still not well understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integrated Analysis of miRNA-mRNA Network Reveals Different Regulatory Patterns in the Endometrium of Meishan and Duroc Sows during Mid-Late Gestation

Yang

Wang

et al. 2020

Animals

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Embryo loss is a major factor affecting profitability in the pig industry. Embryonic mortality occurs during peri-implantation and mid-late gestation in pigs. Previous investigations have shown that the embryo loss rate in Meishan pigs is significantly lower than in commercial breeds. Most studies have focused on embryonic mortality during early gestation, but little is known about losses during mid-late gestation. In this study, we performed a transcriptome analysis of endometrial tissue in mid-late gestation sows (gestation days 49 and 72) sampled from two breeds (Meishan (MS) and Duroc (DU)) that have different embryo loss rates. We identified 411, 1113, 697, and 327 differentially expressed genes, and 14, 36, 57, and 43 differentially expressed miRNAs in four comparisons (DU49 vs. DU72, DU49 vs. MS49, DU72 vs. MS72, and MS49 vs. MS72), respectively. Subsequently; seven differentially expressed mRNAs and miRNAs were validated using qPCR. Functional analysis suggested the differentially expressed genes and miRNAs target genes mainly involved in regulation of hormone levels, blood vessel development, developmental process involved in reproduction, embryonic placenta development, and the immune system. A network analysis of potential miRNA-gene interactions revealed that differentially expressed miRNAs in Meishan pigs are involved in the response to estradiol and oxygen levels, and affect angiogenesis and blood vessel development. The binding site on ssc-miR-503 for epidermal growth factor (EGF) and the binding site on ssc-miR-671-5p for estrogen receptor α (ESR1) were identified using a dual luciferase assay. The results of this study will enable further exploration of miRNA-mRNA interactions important in pig pregnancy and will help to uncover molecular mechanisms affecting embryonic mortality in pigs during mid-late gestation.

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“…Moreover, pigs are considered as excellent models for IUGR research as they experience among the highest incidence of IUGR among domestic animals (Wu et al, ). Porcine embryonic or fetal losses of 30% occur during the peri‐implantation period of gestational between days 10 and 30 due to an inadequate uterine environment for placentation, malnutrition, abnormal hormonal milieu and deficits in growth factors and cytokines (Kridli et al, ). Accordingly, the roles of diverse nutrients have been identified through their ability to induce signal transduction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stimulatory Effects of Coumestrol on Embryonic and Fetal Development Through AKT and ERK1/2 MAPK Signal Transduction

Lim

Song

2016

Journal Cellular Physiology

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Successful establishment of pregnancy is required for fetal-maternal interactions regulating implantation, embryonic development and placentation. A uterine environment with insufficient growth factors and nutrients increases the incidence of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) leading to an impaired uterine environment. In the present study, we demonstrated the effects of the phytoestrogen coumestrol on conceptus development in the pig that is regarded as an excellent biomedical animal model for research on IUGR. Results of this study indicated that coumestrol induced migration of porcine trophectoderm (pTr) cells in a concentration-dependent manner. In response to coumestrol, the phosphorylation of AKT, P70S6K, S6, ERK1/2 MAPK, and P90RSK proteins were activated in pTr cells and ERK1/2 MAPK and P90RSK phosphorylation was prolonged for a longer period than for the other proteins. To identify the signal transduction pathway induced by coumestrol, pharmacological inhibitors U0126 (an ERK1/2 inhibitor) and LY294002 (a PI3K inhibitor) were used to pretreat pTr cells. The results showed that coumestrol-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 MAPK and P90RSK was blocked by U0126. In addition, the increased phosphorylation in response to coumestrol was completely inhibited following pre-treatment incubation of pTr cells in the presence of LY294002 and U0126. Furthermore, these two inhibitors suppressed the ability of coumestrol to induce migration of pTr cells. Collectively, these findings suggest that coumestrol affects embryonic development through activation of the PI3K/AKT and ERK1/2 MAPK cell signal transduction pathways and improvement in the uterine environment through coumestrol supplementation may provide beneficial effects of enhancing embryonic and fetal survival and development. J. Cell. Physiol. 231: 2733-2740, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Placentation, maternal–fetal interface, and conceptus loss in swine

Cited by 44 publications

References 102 publications

Polyphenols and IUGR pregnancies: Maternal hydroxytyrosol supplementation improves prenatal and early-postnatal growth and metabolism of the offspring

Polyphenols and IUGR pregnancies: Maternal hydroxytyrosol supplementation improves prenatal and early-postnatal growth and metabolism of the offspring

Integrated Analysis of miRNA-mRNA Network Reveals Different Regulatory Patterns in the Endometrium of Meishan and Duroc Sows during Mid-Late Gestation

Stimulatory Effects of Coumestrol on Embryonic and Fetal Development Through AKT and ERK1/2 MAPK Signal Transduction

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