Placement of electrode catheters into the coronary sinus during electrophysiology procedures using a femoral vein approach

Abstract

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Feasibility and procedure-related patient discomfort of peripheral venous access for coronary sinus cannulation during electrophysiology procedures

“…In view of the above, peripheral venous access may be considered as an alternative venous access option for CS cannulation. The inferior vena cava approach, through the femoral route, is being used as an alternative to superior vena cava access, in an effort to avoid the complications associated with jugular or subclavian vein puncture and decrease patient discomfort during EP procedures [5,6]. However, everyday practice has shown that, due to anatomic reasons, the transfemoral cannulation of the CS using simple fixed curve electrode catheters is a rather difficult task with uncertain success, although steerable catheters may increase success rates of transfemoral CS catheterization [5,7].…”

The Dissimilar Impact in Atrial Substrate Modificationof Left and Right Pulmonary Veins Isolation after Catheter Ablation of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation

“…Coronary sinus’ (CS) strategical position between left (LA) and right atrium (RA) allows the detection of non-PV triggers and PV reconnection gaps throughout the atria during CA procedures via CS catheterization [ 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 ]. Despite its extensive use as a CA reference, whether CS analysis could provide reliable information with respect to the AF substrate modification or which channels of CS catheter are the most appropriate for the analysis are two vital issues that remain unexplored.…”