Pilomatrixoma (Calcifying Epithelioma)

FORBIS, ROBERT

doi:10.1001/archderm.1961.01580100070009

Cited by 466 publications

(292 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In 1961, Forbis and Helwig demonstrated that the tumor originated from the hair matrix; therefore, the name pilomatrixoma. [1][2][3] PM is the most common hair-follicle tumor and it accounts for one of every 500 specimens submitted by dermatologists. 4 Clinically, the lesion is a benign cutaneous tumor usually characterized by a solitary asymptomatic, firm, and skin-colored faint blue/red nodule in the deep dermis and subcutaneous tissue, with an average size of 0.5 to 3.0 cm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An unusual presentation of giant pilomatrixoma in an adult patient

Souto

Matsushita²,

Matsushita³

et al. 2013

J Dermatol Case Rep

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Background: Pilomatrixoma (OMIM ID #132600) is a benign cutaneous tumor originating from the pilosebaceous follicle and characterized by the presence of subcutaneous nodules of up to 3.0 cm in diameter, usually on the head, neck and upper extremities. It is most common in the first two decades of life and after the age of 60.Main observations: An adult female patient was evaluated, presenting a solid tumoral lesion with erythematous surface and purplish tone, with approximately 7.5 x 5.0 cm in size, in the interscapulovertebral region. It was thought to be an epidermoid cyst, sarcoma, calcified hemangioma, giant dermatofibroma, or nodular basal cell carcinoma. The resection of the lesion was carried out and, at the histological examination, specific details were observed that led to the diagnosis of pilomatrixoma. Conclusion:Pilomatrixoma should be suspected in the differential diagnosis of giant adnexal tumors. (J Dermatol Case Rep. 2013; 7(2): 56-59) An unusual presentation of giant pilomatrixoma in an adult patient IntroductionPilomatrixoma (PM; OMIM ID #132600) was first described in 1880 by Malherbe and Chenatais as a "calcified epithelioma of Malherbe" originated from sebaceous glands. In 1961, Forbis and Helwig demonstrated that the tumor originated from the hair matrix; therefore, the name pilomatrixoma. 1-3 PM is the most common hair-follicle tumor and it accounts for one of every 500 specimens submitted by dermatologists. 4 Clinically, the lesion is a benign cutaneous tumor usually characterized by a solitary asymptomatic, firm, and skin-colored faint blue/red nodule in the deep dermis and subcutaneous tissue, with an average size of 0.5 to 3.0 cm. The lesions larger than 5.0 cm are defined as giant pilomatrixomas. Pain and tenderness may be associated symptoms. 3,5 The tumor is generally observed on the head, neck and upper extremities. 6 It is a common skin neoplasm in the pediatric population, but it may be found in all age groups with bimodal peaks under the age of 30 and in the sixth/seventh decades of life. 5,6 Uncommon clinical-pathological variants of PM have been reported, such as bullous like, anetodermic, exophytic, perforating/ulcerated and lymphagiectatic. Multiple and familial cases have been described in association with myotonic dystrophy, Turner's syndrome, Gardner's syndrome, xeroderma pigmentosum, basal cell nevus syndrome and Sotos syndrome. 6,7 The present paper reports an unusual and uncommon case of pilomatrixoma on the back of an adult female patient. Case ReportA 54-year-old female patient sought the medical specialties outpatient service at School of Medical Sciences at Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR) complaining about a back injury three years ago, with progressive growth and sporadic local pain. The patient had undergone a surgery for the removal of the lesion in another hospital two and a half years before, but there was local recurrence 3 months after surgery. Krausen et al. 9 described the first case of giant PM (GPM), few similar lesions were described 5 a...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An unusual presentation of giant pilomatrixoma in an adult patient

Souto

Matsushita²,

Matsushita³

et al. 2013

J Dermatol Case Rep

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“…65 Forbis and Helwig provided the name of "pilomatrixoma" in 1961 when they reviewed 228 case of this lesion. 39 Lopansri and Mihm in 1980 proposed the hair matrix as the site of origin. 63 Pilomatrix carcinoma commonly presents in the head or neck region as a slow-growing dermal or subcutaneous mass less than 3 cm in diameter.…”

Section: Results Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of clinical outcomes for patients diagnosed with skin cancer spinal metastases

Goodwin

Sankey

Liu

et al. 2016

SPI

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OBJECT Surgical procedures and/or adjuvant therapies are effective modalities for the treatment of symptomatic spinal metastases. However, clinical results specific to the skin cancer spinal metastasis cohort are generally lacking. The purpose of this study was to systematically review the literature for treatments, clinical outcomes, and survival following the diagnosis of a skin cancer spinal metastasis and evaluate prognostic factors in the context of spinal skin cancer metastases stratified by tumor subtype. METHODS The authors performed a literature review using PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and Web of Science to identify articles since 1950 that reported survival, clinical outcomes, and/or prognostic factors for the skin cancer patient population with spinal metastases. The methodological quality of reviews was assessed using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) tool. RESULTS Sixty-five studies met the preset criteria and were included in the analysis. Of these studies, a total of 25, 40, 25, and 12 studies included patients who underwent some form of surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or observation alone, respectively. Sixty-three of the 65 included studies were retrospective in nature (Class of Evidence [CoE] IV), and the 2 prospective studies were CoE II. Based on the studies analyzed, the median overall survival for a patient with a spinal metastasis from a primary skin malignancy is 4.0 months; survival by tumor subtype is 12.5 months for patients with basal cell carcinoma (BCC), 4.0 months for those with melanoma, 4.0 months for those with squamous cell carcinoma, 3.0 months for those with pilomatrix carcinoma, and 1.5 months for those with Merkel cell carcinoma (p < 0.0001). The overall percentage of known continued disease progression after spine metastasis diagnosis was 40.1% (n = 244/608, range 25.0%–88.9%), the rate of known recurrence of the primary skin cancer lesion was 3.5% (n = 21/608, range 0.2%–100.0%), and the rate of known spine metastasis recurrence despite treatment for all skin malignancies was 2.8% (n = 17/608, range 0.0%–33.3%). Age greater than 65 years, sacral spinal involvement, presence of a neurological deficit, and nonambulatory status were associated with decreased survival in patients diagnosed with a primary skin cancer spinal metastasis. All other clinical or prognostic parameters were of low or insufficient strength. CONCLUSIONS Patients diagnosed with a primary skin cancer metastasis to the spine have poor overall survival with the exception of those with BCC. The median duration of survival for patients who received surgical intervention alone, medical management (chemotherapy and/or radiation) alone, or the combination of therapies was similar across interventions. Age, spinal region, and neurological status may be associated with poor survival following surgery.

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“…In 1880, Malherbe and Chenantais first described this lesion referred to as the calcifying epithelioma, though it was thought to derive from sebaceous glands [3]. The term pilomatrixoma was introduced in a publication by Forbis and Helwig in 1961 to better convey the histologic source [4]. These lesions are typically found in the head and neck region, but have also been described in various upper extremity locations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pilomatrixoma of Parotid Region Mimicking the Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma

Chhebbi¹,

Dalal²,

Saharan³

et al. 2016

JCR

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Abstract:Pilomatrixoma in the head and neck region usually occur in the immediate subcutaneous tissue. Pilamatrixoma of the parotid region are rare. We present a case of pilomatrixoma in the parotid region mimicking mucoepidermoid carcinoma on aspiration cytology. A 21 year old female presented in our hospital with a painless swelling in the left parotid region simulating a parotid gland tumor. The relative rarity of such a tumor in this location, presenting features and management strategies were considered worth presentation.

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Pilomatrixoma (Calcifying Epithelioma)

Cited by 466 publications

References 8 publications

An unusual presentation of giant pilomatrixoma in an adult patient

An unusual presentation of giant pilomatrixoma in an adult patient

A systematic review of clinical outcomes for patients diagnosed with skin cancer spinal metastases

Pilomatrixoma of Parotid Region Mimicking the Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma

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