Pilocarpine-Induced Seizures Produce Alterations on Choline Acetyltransferase and Acetylcholinesterase Activities and Deficit Memory in Rats

Santos, Ítala Mônica de Sales; Feitosa, Chistiane Mendes; Freitas, Rivelilson Mendes de

doi:10.1007/s10571-009-9481-4

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…O'Donnell et al (2010) stated that the inhibition of AchE leads to a build-up of extracellular ACh and a series of toxic consequences including hypersecretion, tremor, convulsion/ seizure,coma, and death. In addition, the findings of de Sales et al (2010) reported that seizures caused a decrease in AChE activity, expecting that the constant inhibition of this enzyme by seizures might increase ACh levels. In addition to the antioxidant effect of N. sativa, oil and thymoquinone have been demonstrated to prevent oxidative injury during cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat (Hosseinzadeha et al, 2007) and in a rat model of subarachnoid hemorrhage (Ersahin et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The neuroprotective role of Nigella sativa extract on ciprofloxacin and pentylenetetrazole treated rats

Abdel-Rahman¹

2013

Afr. J. Pharm. Pharmacol.

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This study aimed to investigate the Nigella sativa seed (NS) neuroprotective effect on ciprofloxacin (CFX) antibiotic with suggesting neurotoxic effect in rats through the determination of monoamines levels and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in different brain areas. We used valporic acid as a reference antiepileptic drug and pentylenetetrazole (PTZ), a drug used for induction of epileptic model in rats. The present data revealed that the daily oral administration of NS (350 mg/kg b.wt.) for 14 days caused significant increase in the monoamines contents with no statistical difference in AChE as compare to control values. While the administration of CFX (500 mg/kg b.wt.) and/or PTZ (60 mg/kg b.wt.) was found to produce significant decrease in the concentration of monoamines and the activity of AChE in cerebral cortex, cerebellum, striatum and hippocampus after 7 and 14 days. Moreover, the preand post-treatment with NS in CFX and/or PTZ treated rats was found to ameliorate most of the side effects induced by these drugs. It could be concluded that the treatment with the therapeutic dose of CFX 14 days could lead to the development of seizures through the reduction of monoamines level and decreasing the activity of AChE in the tested brain areas. The administration of N. sativa pre-and the post treatment to CFX and/or PTZ treated rats were found to ameliorate their side effects. Suggesting that N. sativa seeds with antiepileptic activity and its administration could alleviate ciprofloxacin neurotoxicity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The neuroprotective role of Nigella sativa extract on ciprofloxacin and pentylenetetrazole treated rats

Abdel-Rahman¹

2013

Afr. J. Pharm. Pharmacol.

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“…67 Inhibition of AChE activity is associated with the accumulation of acetylcholine resulting in the development of neurological consequences including convulsions and tremors. 68 Monoamines are known to play an essential role in the development of epileptogenesis. The deficiency of monoamines was found to promote neuronal hyperexcitability in human and animal studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Selenium Nanoparticles Pre-Treatment Reverse Behavioral, Oxidative Damage, Neuronal Loss and Neurochemical Alterations in Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Epileptic Seizures in Mice</p>

Yuan¹,

Fu²,

Ji³

et al. 2020

IJN

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Introduction: Epilepsy is a chronic neurological condition characterized by behavioral, molecular, and neurochemical alterations. Current antiepileptic drugs are associated with various adverse impacts. The main goal of the current study is to investigate the possible anticonvulsant effect of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) against pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)mediated epileptic seizures in mice hippocampus. Sodium valproate (VPA) was used as a standard anti-epileptic drug. Methods: Mice were assigned into five groups (n=15): control, SeNPs (5 mg/kg, orally), PTZ (60 mg/kg, intraperitoneally), SeNPs+PTZ and VPA (200 mg/kg)+PTZ. All groups were treated for 10 days. Results: PTZ injection triggered a state of oxidative stress in the hippocampal tissue as represented by the elevated lipoperoxidation, heat shock protein 70 level, and nitric oxide formation while decreased glutathione level and antioxidant enzymes activity. Additionally, the blotting analysis showed downregulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in the epileptic mice. A state of neuroinflammation was recorded following the developed seizures represented by the increased pro-inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, neuronal apoptosis was recorded following the development of epileptic convulsions. At the neurochemical level, acetylcholinesterase activity and monoamines content were decreased in the epileptic mice, accompanied by high glutamate and low GABA levels in the hippocampal tissue. However, SeNP supplementation was found to delay the onset and decreased the duration of tonic, myoclonic, and generalized seizures following PTZ injection. Moreover, SeNPs were found to provide neuroprotection through preventing the development of oxidative challenge via the upregulation of Nrf2 and HO-1, inhibiting the inflammatory response and apoptotic cascade. Additionally, SeNPs reversed the changes in the activity and levels of neuromodulators following the development of epileptic seizures. Conclusion: The obtained results suggest that SeNPs could be used as a promising anticonvulsant drug due to its potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuromodulatory activities.

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“…Moreover, AChE alters neuronal excitability, promotes synaptic plasticity, and modulates memory and neuronal functions [72]. The deactivation of AChE is linked with the accumulation of acetylcholine at the synapse, resulting in the progression of convulsions [73]. Interestingly, it was evident that the treated mice with EGCG-SeNPs could restore all the changes in the neuronal biomarkers and neurotransmitter levels to their normal ranges compared to the control and PTZ-exposed groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosynthesized Selenium Nanoparticles Using Epigallocatechin Gallate Protect against Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Acute Epileptic Seizures in Mice via Antioxidative, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anti-Apoptotic Activities

et al. 2023

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Several negative outcomes are associated with current anti-epileptic medications. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is a plant-derived compound called catechin and has many medicinal activities, such as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Biosynthesized selenium nanoparticles are also showing their neuroprotective effect. The anti-epileptic effect of EGCG, alone or with SeNPs, is still debated. Here, we aimed to investigate the potential anti-seizure effect of biosynthesized SeNPs using EGCG (EGCG-SeNPs) against epileptic seizures and hippocampal damage, which is enhanced by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) injection in mice. Mice were grouped as follows: control; PTZ-exposed group (epileptic model); EGCG + PTZ-treated group; sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) + PTZ-treated group; EGCG-SeNPs + PTZ-treated group; and valproic acid (VPA) + PTZ-treated group. EGCG-SeNPs administration showed anti-epileptic activity by increasing the latency time and reducing the seizure duration following the PTZ injection. Additionally, EGCG-SeNPs counteracted the PTZ-induced changes in oxidants and antioxidants. Moreover, EGCG-SeNPs inhibited the inflammatory response by suppressing the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and decreasing the immunoreactivity of the glial fibrillary acidic protein and mRNA expression of glutamate receptor subunit zeta-1 (NMDAR; Grin1), showing their inhibitory effect on epilepsy-associated inflammation. Moreover, EGCG-SeNPs reduced PTZ-induced neuronal apoptosis, as indicated by a reduction in the levels of pro-apoptotic proteins and an elevation of the anti-apoptotic protein. Moreover, EGCG-SeNPs administration significantly modulated the PTZ-induced changes in monoamine levels and acetylcholinesterase activity in the hippocampal tissue. The obtained findings suggest the anti-seizure activity of EGCG-SeNPs via their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects, along with their neuromodulatory effect.

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Pilocarpine-Induced Seizures Produce Alterations on Choline Acetyltransferase and Acetylcholinesterase Activities and Deficit Memory in Rats

Cited by 12 publications

References 25 publications

The neuroprotective role of Nigella sativa extract on ciprofloxacin and pentylenetetrazole treated rats

The neuroprotective role of Nigella sativa extract on ciprofloxacin and pentylenetetrazole treated rats

<p>Selenium Nanoparticles Pre-Treatment Reverse Behavioral, Oxidative Damage, Neuronal Loss and Neurochemical Alterations in Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Epileptic Seizures in Mice</p>

Biosynthesized Selenium Nanoparticles Using Epigallocatechin Gallate Protect against Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Acute Epileptic Seizures in Mice via Antioxidative, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anti-Apoptotic Activities

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