Phytoplasma associated with witches’-broom disease of Ulmus minor Mill. in the Czech Republic: Electron microscopy and molecular characterization

Navrátil, Milan; Šafářová, Dana; Válová, P.; Fráňová, Jana; Šimková, M

doi:10.1007/s12223-009-0006-9

Cited by 12 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…Phytoplasma ulmi’‐related strains from France and the Czech Republic also indicates the presence of genetically divergent isolates (Malembic‐Maher et al. , 2009; Navrátil et al. , 2009), although more comprehensive research is required to determine the level of diversity and distribution patterns of ‘ Ca.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multigene sequence data and genetic diversity among ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma ulmi’ strains infecting Ulmus spp. in Serbia

et al. 2010

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Elm yellows phytoplasmas (EY) belonging to the 16SrV-A subgroup were recently proposed as a new candidate species 'Candidatus Phytoplasma ulmi'. These pathogens infect elm trees, causing leaf yellowing and premature drying. In this study, 25 isolates originating from localities in northeast, east and southwest Serbia were characterized by means of RFLP analysis and DNA sequencing of four genomic loci: 16S rRNA, ribosomal protein rpl22-rps3, secY and map. In total, five different genotypes were identified based on collective sequencing of all four genes. Four of these genotypes showed significant nucleotide changes compared with the EY1 T reference strain. Phylogeny based on parsimony analyses of ribosomal protein, secY and map genetic loci indicated a single monophyletic origin of EY1 T and the new 'Ca. Phytoplasma ulmi' strains. Unlike phylogenetic clustering, DNA sequence comparison of EY1 T and the novel strains revealed mutations in oligonucleotide signature sequences for all three genes (16S, rpl22-rps3 and secY) used for the characterization and assignment of 16SrV-A phytoplasmas to the 'Ca. Phytoplasma ulmi' species in the original description. Based on their high degree of genetic variability, the Serbian strains were assigned to four different subtypes of 'Ca. Phytoplasma ulmi' (EY-S1, EY-S2, EY-S3 and EY-S4). New diagnostic enzymes for practical use in 'Ca. Phytoplasma ulmi' identification are proposed for the 16S rRNA, ribosomal protein and secY genes. The implications of genetic variability within signature sequences for taxonomy and identification of 'Ca. Phytoplasma' species, as well as the importance of geographic variability and number of strains characterized for species description, are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multigene sequence data and genetic diversity among ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma ulmi’ strains infecting Ulmus spp. in Serbia

et al. 2010

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“…Even tree decline can occur in European elms, but overall tree mortality is lower when compared to American elms (Braun & Sinclair, ; Sinclair et al ., ). Nevertheless, the presence of this pathogen has been proven so far in several European countries including Italy (Mäurer et al ., ; Marcone et al ., ; Sfalanga et al ., ; Arnaud et al ., ), France (Mäurer et al ., ; Boudon‐Padieu et al ., ; Arnaud et al ., ), Germany (Mäurer et al ., ), the Czech Republic (Navrátil et al ., ) and Serbia (Jović et al ., ), in wych elm ( U. glabra ), European white elm ( U. laevis ) and field elm ( U. minor ) trees as well as in some introduced Asian elm species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Genetically diverse isolates with differences in unique regions of 16S rDNA, rpl22 , rps3 and secY reported by Lee et al . () were described in Serbia (Jović et al ., , ) and in the Czech Republic (Navrátil et al ., ), and existence of more than one phylogenetic lineage of ‘ Ca . Phytoplasma ulmi’ was revealed based on analysis of these genes and the map gene encoding methionine aminopeptidase (Arnaud et al ., ; Jović et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization of elm yellows phytoplasmas in Croatia and their impact on Ulmus spp.

et al. 2016

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Candidatus (Ca.) Phytoplasma ulmi', the causal agent of elm yellows, was found widely distributed across elm populations in Croatia, infecting Ulmus laevis and Ulmus minor. Especially high prevalence of the infection, approximately 75%, was detected in U. laevis, but more than half of the trees were symptomless. 'Candidatus Phytoplasma solani' and 'Ca. Phytoplasma asteris' were also detected. The latter could possibly represent a new 16SrI subgroup, most closely related to 16SrI-B. Diversity of 'Ca. Phytoplasma ulmi' in Croatia was determined by sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene, ribosomal protein genes rpl22 and rps3, secY and secY-map genes, in 62 phytoplasma isolates. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that Croatian isolates share a common origin and are closely related to strains of 'Ca. Phytoplasma ulmi' from southeastern Europe. However, comparative sequence analysis revealed mutations at positions where variability has never been detected before, including positions within sequences unique to 'Ca. Phytoplasma ulmi' in the 16S rRNA gene, rpl22, rps3 and secY. New genotypes were identified based on the sequenced genes. This study points to a significantly higher genetic diversity than previously reported, and a necessity to revise the formal description of this phytoplasma species and to include newly discovered characteristics.

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“…In Europe, phytoplasmas cause mild elm witches’‐broom disease in Italy, former Czechoslovakia, France and Germany (L ee et al. 1995; N avrátil et al. 2009) and elm yellows disease in northeast Serbia (J ović et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular identification of a phytoplasma associated with Elm witches’‐broom in China

et al. 2010

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Elm samples with and without witchesÕ-broom symptoms (EWB) were collected from TaiÕan and Zhaoyuan, Shandong Province, China. Phytoplasmal cells were observed in the phloem cells of symptomatic plants under electron microscope. Specific fragments of about 1.2 kb in length were amplified with nested-PCR from symptomatic samples, while no fragment was obtained from healthy plants. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of the phytoplasmas associated with elm witchesÕ-broom in TaiÕan (EWB-TA) and Zhaoyuan (EWB-ZHY) had high similarities, and formed a sublineage in phylogenetic tree, with members of subgroup B or D of aster yellows group (16SrI). Computer simulated restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of 16S rRNA gene revealed that EWB-TA and EWB-ZHY patterns had similarity coefficients of 1.00 with the pattern from the representative strains of subgroup 16SrI-B, and had a similarity coefficient of lower than 0.97 with representatives of other subgroups. These results indicated that the phytoplasma strain associated with elm witchesÕ-broom in China was very closely related to ÔCandidatus Phytoplasma asterisÕ OAY, belonging to subgroup-B of aster yellows group (16SrI-B). This is the first report of a phytoplasma associated with elm witchesÕ-broom disease in China.

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Phytoplasma associated with witches’-broom disease of Ulmus minor Mill. in the Czech Republic: Electron microscopy and molecular characterization

Cited by 12 publications

References 16 publications

Multigene sequence data and genetic diversity among ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma ulmi’ strains infecting Ulmus spp. in Serbia

Multigene sequence data and genetic diversity among ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma ulmi’ strains infecting Ulmus spp. in Serbia

Molecular characterization of elm yellows phytoplasmas in Croatia and their impact on Ulmus spp.

Molecular identification of a phytoplasma associated with Elm witches’‐broom in China

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