Phytochemical Composition, Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Activities of Defatted Sea Buckthorn (Hippophaë rhamnoides L.) Berry Pomace Fractions Consecutively Recovered by Pressurized Ethanol and Water

Abstract

This study aimed at valorisation of sea buckthorn pomace (SBP) for the production of extracts containing valuable bioactive compounds. For this purpose, SBP defatted by supercritical CO2 was subjected to consecutive fractionation with pressurized ethanol and water, which yielded 11.9% and 4.8% of extracts, respectively. The extracts were evaluated for their antioxidant potential, phytochemical composition and antiproliferative effects against cancer cells. Water extracts exhibited remarkably higher values in Folin-Ciocalteu assay of total phenolic content, oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), ABTS●+/DPPH● scavenging and cellular antioxidant activity (CAA) assays and more efficiently inhibited proliferation of HT29 cells at non-cytotoxic concentrations measured in non-tumoral Caco2 cells. Among 28 detected and 21 quantified phytochemicals, flavonols with the structures of isorhamnetin (five compounds), quercetin (three compounds), kaempferol (three compounds) glycosides and catechin (six compounds) were the most abundant in the extracts. In conclusion, the applied method of fractionation of SBP produces promising natural antioxidant complexes with antiproliferative properties that could find potential applications in nutraceuticals, functional foods and cosmeceuticals.

Fabrication of Functional Bioelastomer for Food Packaging from Aronia (Aronia melanocarpa) Juice Processing By-Products

“…After juice processing, the dry weight of aronia by-products remains at approximately 44.6 to 50% [26]. The bioactive compounds contained in the whole fruit remain in the by-products, thus, it can be used as additives for functional materials with antioxidant and antibacterial properties [27,28].…”

Valorization of European Cranberry Bush (Viburnum opulus L.) Berry Pomace Extracts Isolated with Pressurized Ethanol and Water by Assessing Their Phytochemical Composition, Antioxidant, and Antiproliferative Activities

“…The same tendencies were observed for the antioxidant capacity determined by the DPPH, ABTS, and ORAC methods. Comparing with similar products obtained from sea buckthorn berry pomace [ 21 ], guelder rose berry pomace extracts were remarkably stronger antioxidants in the all applied assays and exhibited larger TPC values. It may be also noted that the concentration of secondary metabolites as well as some macronutrients is often larger in the berry pomace compared to the fruit pulp [ 11 , 31 ].…”

“…According to the information provided by the company, mature berries were pressed in order to remove the juice within 4 h after harvesting; the residue was immediately subjected to drying. Similar preparatory and extraction procedures were applied for VOP as previously reported [ 17 , 21 ]. Briefly, dry VOP was grounded in a laboratory mill Vitek (An-Der, Austria) by using a 0.5 mm size sieve.…”

“…HPLC-DPPH • -scavenging online analysis was carried out on a Waters HPLC system (Waters Corporation, Milford, MA, USA) as previously described [ 21 ] with minor changes. The Hypersil C18 analytical column (250 × 0.46 cm, 5 µm; Supelco Analytical, Bellefonte, PA, USA) was used for compound separation.…”

“…Quantitative and qualitative analysis was performed with an ultra-performance liquid chromatograph (Waters Acquity UPLC system, Milford, MA, USA) equipped with a quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometer (MaXis 4G Q-TOF-MS). Data acquisition and instrument control were performed by using HyStar 3.2 (SR2 software, Bruker Daltonics, Bremen, Germany) [ 21 ]. Briefly, samples were eluted with a gradient of solvent A (1% formic acid in ultrapure water) and B (acetonitrile) on a 1.7 µm, 100 mm × 2.1 mm i.d.…”