Phytochemical and Pharmacological Investigations onNymphoides indicaLeaf Extracts

Abstract

Nymphoides indica (L.) Kuntze (Menyanthaceae) is traditionally used in the Indian subcontinent. However, scientific data reporting its constituents are poor. This study aimed at evaluating its phytochemical constituents and various biological activities. Phytochemical investigations of the extracts and fractions resulted in the isolation of 5 lipophilic compounds, i.e. azelaic (nonanedioic) acid (1) and 4-methyl-heptanedioic acid (3), hexadecanoic (2) and stearic acid (5) and the fatty alcohol hexadecanol (4); 3 seco-iridoids, i.e. 7-epiexaltoside (6), 6″,7″-dihydro-7-epiexaltoside (7) and menthiafolin (8); 3 flavonoids, i.e. 3,7-di-O-methylquercetin-4'-O-β-glucoside (9), 3-O-methylquercetin-7-O-β-glucoside (10) and 3,7-di-O-methylquercetin (11); scopoletin (12) and ferulic acid (13); and the monoterpenoids foliamenthoic acid (14) and 6,7-dihydrofoliamenthoic acid methyl ester (15). Compounds 1-5 showed moderate antimicrobial activities, whereas compound 9 presented mild antiprotozoal activities against Trypanosoma brucei (IC 8 μM), Leishmania infantum (IC 32 μM) and Trypanosoma cruzi (IC 30 μM). Antiglycation activity was shown by compounds 7 (IC 0.36 mM), 10 (IC 0.42 mM) and 15 (IC 0.61 mM). Finally α-glucosidase inhibition was shown by compounds 7, 9, 11 and 13-15. It could be concluded that N. indica leaf extracts possess mild to moderate antimicrobial, antiprotozoal, antioxidant and antidiabetic activities. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Iridoids of Chemotaxonomy Relevance, a New Antirrhinoside Ester and Other Constituents from Kickxia spuria subsp. integrifolia (Brot.) R.Fern.

“…6,7‐Dihydrofoliamenthoic acid methyl ester ( 4 ; methyl (2 E ,6 R )‐8‐hydroxy‐2,6‐dimethyloct‐2‐enoate) also represents a new constituent of the studied species. It has been identified before in Nymphoides indica (L.) Kuntze and obtained by a synthetic approach from its glucosidic derivative from Linaria japonica Miq . Biogenetically, it is a monoterpenoid structurally related to menthiafolic acid which resulted to be a very highly represented constituent in the studied species, since its ester derivatives ( 6 and 7 ) of antirrhinoside are the main components recognized in this species.…”

“…Biogenetically, it is a monoterpenoid structurally related to menthiafolic acid which resulted to be a very highly represented constituent in the studied species, since its ester derivatives ( 6 and 7 ) of antirrhinoside are the main components recognized in this species. Under the pharmacological profile, compound 4 shows good antiglycation and α ‐glucosidase inhibitory activities …”

In Vitro and In Silico Antidiabetic and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Constituents from Kickxia ramosissima (Nanorrhinum ramosissimum)

“…The BSA-glucose and BSA-MGO antiglycation assays were performed as reported before (Amin et al, 2016). The test protocol is attached as Supplementary Material (Amin et al, 2016).…”

“…Fractions and isolated compounds were evaluated for antimicrobial activity in an integrated screening panel, also including the human MRC-5 cell line to assess selectivity, as reported before (Cos et al, 2006; Mesia et al, 2008; Baldé et al, 2010; Amin et al, 2016). The IC 50 values were determined from five 4-fold dilutions.…”

Anti-wrinkle effects of extracts and solvent fractions fromNymphoides peltataon CCD-986sk

“…Hara) 3종이 자생한다 (Lee 등, 2011). 어리연꽃은 예부터 민간요법으로 이질, 옴, 뱀독, 황달, 해열, 항경련 등의 치료 약물로서 널리 이용되어 왔으며, 최근 iridoid, flavonoid, terpenoid 등의 성분 연구 및 이에 대한 항균 , 항원충, 항당화 등의 효과가 보고된 바 있다 (Amin 2016 …”