Physiological stress responses in big gamefish after capture: Observations on plasma chemistry and blood factors

First report on the serum chemistry and haematology of free-ranging dusky (Carcharhinus obscurus) and sandbar (Carcharhinus plumbeus) sharks in the eastern Mediterranean Sea

“…Further investigations are required to decipher the mechanisms controlling the presence/absence of these trends so that sodium and chloride may serve as reliable indicators of stress in elasmobranchs ( Skomal and Mandelman, 2012 ). The inverse relationship between hook time and potassium levels observed in the examined sandbar sharks stands in contrast to the findings of several elasmobranch stress studies that report marked plasma potassium increase ( Wells et al, 1986 ; Manire et al, 2001 ; Mandelman and Farrington, 2007 ), although Brill et al (2008) noted a 13% decrease in serum potassium concentrations in juvenile sandbar sharks following anaerobic exercise. Therefore, the link between potassium levels and stress in sharks remains to be elucidated by future studies.…”

First report on the serum chemistry and haematology of free-ranging dusky (Carcharhinus obscurus) and sandbar (Carcharhinus plumbeus) sharks in the eastern Mediterranean Sea

“…Further investigations are required to decipher the mechanisms controlling the presence/absence of these trends so that sodium and chloride may serve as reliable indicators of stress in elasmobranchs ( Skomal and Mandelman, 2012 ). The inverse relationship between hook time and potassium levels observed in the examined sandbar sharks stands in contrast to the findings of several elasmobranch stress studies that report marked plasma potassium increase ( Wells et al, 1986 ; Manire et al, 2001 ; Mandelman and Farrington, 2007 ), although Brill et al (2008) noted a 13% decrease in serum potassium concentrations in juvenile sandbar sharks following anaerobic exercise. Therefore, the link between potassium levels and stress in sharks remains to be elucidated by future studies.…”

Capture‐induced exertional rhabdomyolysis in the Shortfin Mako Shark, Isurus oxyrinchus

“…As expected, the serum lactate concentrations in all six Makos with RBU were markedly elevated as a result of metabolic (lactic) acidosis produced by anaerobic metabolism because of hypoxia, and in line with previous studies . The lactic acidosis and resulting acidemia were also more evident in the sharks that experienced longer fight‐times.…”

Effects of methanolic calyx extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa on body weight, blood cholesterol and liver marker enzymes in Wistar rats

“…According to Sood (2006) an elevation above normal in the level of liver marker enzymes indicates damage or inflammation of the hepatocytes. The significant increase obtained on the liver marker enzyme tends to suggest liver dysfunction in the experimental animals (Wells et al, 1986). The observed elevation in the liver marker enzymes after day 7 is consistent with earlier reports which showed that a prolonged usage of H. sabdariffa aqueous and methanolic calyx extracts could cause liver injury in experimental animals even at dose levels as low as 150 to 180 mg/kg (Akindahunsi and Olaleye, 2003;Ali et al, 2005).…”

First report on the serum chemistry and haematology of free-ranging dusky (Carcharhinus obscurus) and sandbar (Carcharhinus plumbeus) sharks in the eastern Mediterranean Sea

“…Further investigations are required to decipher the mechanisms controlling the presence/absence of these trends so that sodium and chloride may serve as reliable indicators of stress in elasmobranchs ( Skomal and Mandelman, 2012 ). The inverse relationship between hook time and potassium levels observed in the examined sandbar sharks stands in contrast to the findings of several elasmobranch stress studies that report marked plasma potassium increase ( Wells et al, 1986 ; Manire et al, 2001 ; Mandelman and Farrington, 2007 ), although Brill et al (2008) noted a 13% decrease in serum potassium concentrations in juvenile sandbar sharks following anaerobic exercise. Therefore, the link between potassium levels and stress in sharks remains to be elucidated by future studies.…”

Capture‐induced exertional rhabdomyolysis in the Shortfin Mako Shark, Isurus oxyrinchus

“…As expected, the serum lactate concentrations in all six Makos with RBU were markedly elevated as a result of metabolic (lactic) acidosis produced by anaerobic metabolism because of hypoxia, and in line with previous studies . The lactic acidosis and resulting acidemia were also more evident in the sharks that experienced longer fight‐times.…”

Effects of methanolic calyx extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa on body weight, blood cholesterol and liver marker enzymes in Wistar rats

“…According to Sood (2006) an elevation above normal in the level of liver marker enzymes indicates damage or inflammation of the hepatocytes. The significant increase obtained on the liver marker enzyme tends to suggest liver dysfunction in the experimental animals (Wells et al, 1986). The observed elevation in the liver marker enzymes after day 7 is consistent with earlier reports which showed that a prolonged usage of H. sabdariffa aqueous and methanolic calyx extracts could cause liver injury in experimental animals even at dose levels as low as 150 to 180 mg/kg (Akindahunsi and Olaleye, 2003;Ali et al, 2005).…”

First report on the serum chemistry and haematology of free-ranging dusky (Carcharhinus obscurus) and sandbar (Carcharhinus plumbeus) sharks in the eastern Mediterranean Sea

“…Further investigations are required to decipher the mechanisms controlling the presence/absence of these trends so that sodium and chloride may serve as reliable indicators of stress in elasmobranchs ( Skomal and Mandelman, 2012 ). The inverse relationship between hook time and potassium levels observed in the examined sandbar sharks stands in contrast to the findings of several elasmobranch stress studies that report marked plasma potassium increase ( Wells et al, 1986 ; Manire et al, 2001 ; Mandelman and Farrington, 2007 ), although Brill et al (2008) noted a 13% decrease in serum potassium concentrations in juvenile sandbar sharks following anaerobic exercise. Therefore, the link between potassium levels and stress in sharks remains to be elucidated by future studies.…”

Capture‐induced exertional rhabdomyolysis in the Shortfin Mako Shark, Isurus oxyrinchus

“…As expected, the serum lactate concentrations in all six Makos with RBU were markedly elevated as a result of metabolic (lactic) acidosis produced by anaerobic metabolism because of hypoxia, and in line with previous studies . The lactic acidosis and resulting acidemia were also more evident in the sharks that experienced longer fight‐times.…”

Effects of methanolic calyx extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa on body weight, blood cholesterol and liver marker enzymes in Wistar rats

“…According to Sood (2006) an elevation above normal in the level of liver marker enzymes indicates damage or inflammation of the hepatocytes. The significant increase obtained on the liver marker enzyme tends to suggest liver dysfunction in the experimental animals (Wells et al, 1986). The observed elevation in the liver marker enzymes after day 7 is consistent with earlier reports which showed that a prolonged usage of H. sabdariffa aqueous and methanolic calyx extracts could cause liver injury in experimental animals even at dose levels as low as 150 to 180 mg/kg (Akindahunsi and Olaleye, 2003;Ali et al, 2005).…”