PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES OCCURRING IN THE BLOOD OF THE PACIFIC SALMON (ONCORHYNCHUS TSHAWYTSCHA) ACCOMPANYING SEXUAL MATURATION AND SPAWNING<sup>1</sup>

Robertson, O. H.; Krupp, Marcus A.; Favour, Cutting B.; Hane, Satoshi; Thomas, Sydney F.

doi:10.1210/endo-68-5-733

Cited by 122 publications

(48 citation statements)

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“…In contrary, in tench females there were found significantly higher values of glucose concentration in blood plasma in the period of reproduction compared to those found 2 months before reproduction (P < 0.01). This finding confirms the presumption of Robertson et al (1961), Plisecka and Kuzminova (1971), Svobodová (1977) and Zuim et al (1988) which state that gonad development is one of the reasons inducing higher concentration of glucose in fish blood plasma.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Biochemical Profile of Blood Plasma of Tench (Tinca tinca L.) During Pre- and Postspawning Period

Svoboda¹,

Kouřil²,

Hamáčková³

et al. 2001

Acta Vet. Brno

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The aim of this study was to assess the biochemical profile of tench blood plasma during preand postspawning period under the conditions of hormonally-induced artificial reproduction. A total of 59 females and 27 males were examined during the postspawning period of 1999 and 52 females and 25 males were examined during the prespawning period of 2000, as well as 48 females after reproduction. Biochemical indices determined in blood plasma were as follows: cortisol, glucose, total protein (TP), triacylglycerols (Tcg), cholesterol (Chol), transaminases (ALT and AST), creatine kinase (CK), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and electrolytes (Na). In females in the pre-spawning period, higher values of TP (P < 0.05) and Tcg (P < 0.01) were found compared to males. Immediately after reproduction, males had higher TP (P < 0.01) and Chol (P < 0.01) than females. No significant sex-related differences were found in other indices under study. Higher values of glucose (P < 0.01), Tcg (P < 0.01), Chol (P < 0.05), AST (P < 0.01) and ALP (P < 0.01) were found for females after reproduction in June compared to values found in April, i.e. two months prior to reproduction. Differing water temperature (10.3 °C in April; 22 °C in June) associated with metabolic rate also played an important role. Induction of ovulation by GnRH synthetic analogue and carp pituitary was not successful in all females. However, between the spawned and unspawned female fish, differences were found in glucose concentration (P < 0.01) but non-significant differences were recorded for other biochemical indices. The blood plasma biochemical profile enabled to assess the state of internal milieu of broodstock during the reproduction period.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Biochemical Profile of Blood Plasma of Tench (Tinca tinca L.) During Pre- and Postspawning Period

Svoboda¹,

Kouřil²,

Hamáčková³

et al. 2001

Acta Vet. Brno

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“…Specifically, total protein indicates the amount of albumin and globulin molecules present in the blood, and decreasing levels of total protein are found in starving fish. Our total protein values reflected previous findings (Robertson et al 1961, Congleton & Wagner 2006. Cholesterol is a lipid present in animal tissue and is also found to decrease in starving fish (Robertson et al 1961, Congleton & Wagner 2006.…”

Section: Blood Variablessupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Our total protein values reflected previous findings (Robertson et al 1961, Congleton & Wagner 2006. Cholesterol is a lipid present in animal tissue and is also found to decrease in starving fish (Robertson et al 1961, Congleton & Wagner 2006. Plasma cholesterol was ~11.1 mmol l -1 , and this value is within the range reported by Robertson et al (1961) for fish that were between ocean and spawning habitats.…”

Section: Blood Variablessupporting

confidence: 92%

“…These variables reflect fasting and starvation in fish (e.g. Robertson et al 1961, Congleton & Wagner 2006, Hanson & Cooke 2009). In general, the range of endogenous stores we found represents typical values for adult salmon at this point in their migration.…”

Section: Blood Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cholesterol is a lipid present in animal tissue and is also found to decrease in starving fish (Robertson et al 1961, Congleton & Wagner 2006. Plasma cholesterol was ~11.1 mmol l -1 , and this value is within the range reported by Robertson et al (1961) for fish that were between ocean and spawning habitats. Triglycerides are the major storage form of fat, and like total protein and cholesterol, concentrations decrease in starving fish (e.g.…”

Section: Blood Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Osmoregulatory, metabolic, and nutritional condition of summer-run male Chinook salmon in relation to their fate and migratory behavior in a regulated river

Hasler¹,

Donaldson²,

Sunder³

et al. 2011

Endang. Species. Res.

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We studied the migratory success of male summer-run Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha in the Puntledge River on Canada's Vancouver Island over a 3 yr period using biotelemetry and non-lethal physiological biopsy. Principal component analysis was used to group co-varying physiological variables prior to comparing fish with different migratory behaviors (e.g. migration rate, holding times) and fate (migration and spawning success). Fish with low levels of endogenous energy stores (total protein, cholesterol, and triglycerides) and dietary minerals (calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus) at the time of sampling were found to subsequently ascend the most upstream natural barrier (Nib Falls) significantly faster than fish with higher levels. Fate was weakly associated with several physiological characteristics; successful migrants had significantly higher hematocrit values and significantly lower plasma K+ relative to failed migrants, suggesting that fish condition at river entry can influence subsequent behavior. Our results indicate that physiological and nutritional condition can influence adult migrating male summer-run Chinook salmon, but we did not find a physiological profile that could explain all behaviors and fates observed. This study represents one of the first to apply conservation physiology tools to study an imperiled river fish population.

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Effect of hypophysectomy, isletectomy and ACTH on glycemia and hematocrit in the bullhead, Ictalurus melas

1973

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Effect of hypophysectomy, isletectomy and ACTH on glycemia and hematocrit in Ictalums melas were studied. The mean blood glucose (BG) and hematocrit i n intact untreated fish were found to be 69.65 mg/lOO ml and 33.7% respectively. Following hypophysectomy there was a 73.1 % decrease in BG and a 50% decrease in the hematocrit. Changes in sham-operated controls were insignificant.Eight IU of porcine ACTH administered in two injections on days 6 and 8 post-hypophysectomy increased the BG to pre-hypophysectomy level and the hematocrit to 70% of its initial value on day 9, whereas in vehicle injected controls BG and hematocrit values remained at their post-hypophysectomy level.Isletectomy caused hyperglycemia in all the experimental animals. It induced a net increase of 142.3% over the pretreatment BG compared to 5.2% increase in sham-operated controls. Isletectomy unlike hypophysectomy did not produce any significant change in the hematocrit.Hormonal regulation of glycemia in mammals is well known. Insulin, glucagon, glucocorticoids, adrenalin, ACTH, and growth hormone are known to be involved in this regulation. Literature on this subject in teleosts is limited to a few species and is fragmentary. Nevertheless, there is evidence for the existence of such homeostatic mechanisms in fishes. Prolonged starvation and extensive migrations are well known in migrant members of this class, of which salmon is a classic example. During later stages of their spawning migration plasma corticosteroids increase (Robertson et al., '61) coupled with a substantial conversion of muscle protein to carbohydrates (Chang and Idler, '60), providing the fasting salmon with energy for sustained muscular activity. That gluconeogenic mechanisms are functional in nonmigratory species is supported by hypoglycemia in response to hypophysectomy and hyperglycemia in response to exogenous ACTH or cortisol (Nace, '55; Robertson et al., '63; Kumar et al., '66; Farkas, '67; Tashima and Cahill, '68).The concentration of pancreatic endocrine tissue into compact islets with little exocrine tissue prompted earlier commercial extraction of insulin from these structures. The functional significance of insulin in fish has since been demonstrated by studies using alloxan and exogenous insulin (Epple, '69).Ictalurus melas is one of the teleosts which has the endocrine tissue of the pancreas concentrated into a principal islet (PI) and accessory islets (Bencosme et al., '65). Although Murrell and Nace (' 59) have studied alloxan-induced diabetes in I. nebulosus neither the effect of surgical isletectomy nor the effect of injected islet hormones on blood glucose (BG) in bullheads has been previously reported. Though hypophysectomy has been performed in this fish, there are no reports of its effects on BG.The present experiments were designed to provide data concerning the effect of hypophysectomy, isletectomy and ACTH on blood sugar and hematocrit regulation in I. melas. MATERIALS AND METHODSBlack bullheads were purchased from commercial dealers in ...

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PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES OCCURRING IN THE BLOOD OF THE PACIFIC SALMON (ONCORHYNCHUS TSHAWYTSCHA) ACCOMPANYING SEXUAL MATURATION AND SPAWNING¹

Cited by 122 publications

References 0 publications

Biochemical Profile of Blood Plasma of Tench (Tinca tinca L.) During Pre- and Postspawning Period

Biochemical Profile of Blood Plasma of Tench (Tinca tinca L.) During Pre- and Postspawning Period

Osmoregulatory, metabolic, and nutritional condition of summer-run male Chinook salmon in relation to their fate and migratory behavior in a regulated river

Effect of hypophysectomy, isletectomy and ACTH on glycemia and hematocrit in the bullhead, Ictalurus melas

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PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES OCCURRING IN THE BLOOD OF THE PACIFIC SALMON (ONCORHYNCHUS TSHAWYTSCHA) ACCOMPANYING SEXUAL MATURATION AND SPAWNING1

Cited by 122 publications

References 0 publications

Biochemical Profile of Blood Plasma of Tench (Tinca tinca L.) During Pre- and Postspawning Period

Biochemical Profile of Blood Plasma of Tench (Tinca tinca L.) During Pre- and Postspawning Period

Osmoregulatory, metabolic, and nutritional condition of summer-run male Chinook salmon in relation to their fate and migratory behavior in a regulated river

Effect of hypophysectomy, isletectomy and ACTH on glycemia and hematocrit in the bullhead, Ictalurus melas

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES OCCURRING IN THE BLOOD OF THE PACIFIC SALMON (ONCORHYNCHUS TSHAWYTSCHA) ACCOMPANYING SEXUAL MATURATION AND SPAWNING¹