Physiological Basis for the Indication of Mechanical Ventilation

Abstract

The respiratory system has a vital function in our body and several disorders can cause Respiratory Insufficiency (RI). This disease, in turn, has an acute or chronic form, as well as being classified as hypoxemic, hypercapnic and mixed. In addition, there are three groups that cover the causes of RI, which are: hypoventilation, impairment of diffusion and disturbances in the relationship between perfusion ventilation. With regard to clinical manifestations, the respiratory system is affected by this condition, from which the diagnosis of RI is made by blood gas analysis that allows to differentiate it. In these cases, the patient is monitored by oximeters and capnographs, the treatment being carried out by oxygen therapy and the use of invasive and non-invasive mechanical ventilation.