Physiological and behavioral responses to routine procedures in captive common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus)

Abstract

The effect of routine captive procedures on the welfare of species used as experimental models in biomedical research is of great interest, since stress may alter the generalization and interpretation of results. This study investigated behavioral and endocrine (fecal cortisol) reactivity patterns in common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) adult males (N = 10) and females (N = 9) subjected to three types of routine procedures in captivity: (1) moving to a same-sized cage (P1), to a smaller cage (P2), and (2) first-time pair formation (P3). Sexually dimorphic cortisol responses were detected in animals submitted to a physical environmental stressor (cage change). Females showed an increased response throughout P1, in relation to baseline (BP) cortisol, and a trend during P2. Males increased cortisol only during P2. On the other hand, males and females showed a similar endocrine response when management involved social challenge (pair formation), with both sexes increasing cortisol levels, but females exhibited a more intense and longer-lasting cortisol increase. Males and females exhibited similar behavioral responses to cage change, except for autogrooming, with males decreasing this behavior in P1. Only females demonstrated a significantly higher increase in piloerection frequency than that of males during the pair formation phase. These endocrine and behavioral changes must be taken into account when interpreting research data that involve these types of procedures. Further studies on the impacts of routine colony management are required to devise and include protocols in official husbandry guidelines.

Hematological and Serum Biochemical Reference Intervals for Alphaxalone Sedated Common Marmosets (Callithrix jacchus)

“…However, no report analyzes all parameters and compares all variables we included and used a large sample size while making use of the appropriate statistical methods. It is important to consider calculating reference values for each individual facility, using their own animals, diet, sedation protocols, catching methods, etc., as these values can influence laboratory parameters [ 12 , 13 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. However, in this dataset it was attempted to exclude and investigate the effect of as many variables as possible to achieve a representative and statistically correct collection of reference intervals to be used at facilities that do not have the means to calculate them themselves.…”

The metabolome as a biomarker of mortality risk in the common marmoset

“…While it is possible that this heightened activation of the cortisol pathway was associated with sex-specific reactions to the stress of the move, it is much more likely to reflect sex-specific metabolic differences in a catabolic hormone. Female marmosets have been found to have significantly higher baseline salivary cortisol concentrations than males (Ash, Smith, Knight, & Buchanan-Smith, 2018), and they are known to significantly differ in their response to acute stressors such as the presence of intruders (Ross & French, 2011), and reactions to social challenge (de Menezes Galvao, Ferreira, de Sousa, & Galvao-Coelho, 2016). In addition, previous work on other marmoset colonies has suggested that males are longer lived than females both in median and maximum lifespan (Nishijima et al, 2012).…”

Parada cardiorrespiratória: atuação da equipe de enfermagem em centro de terapia intensiva

“…As causas que podem levar o paciente a evoluir para um quadro de PCR são variadas, podendo ser desde um choque circulatório ou, até mesmo, uma doença cardiovascular. Contudo, estar em um ambiente hospitalar ajuda, de certa forma, a equipe de enfermagem quando se trata de dar celeridade à assistência prestada devido ao monitoramento do paciente sobre os cuidados da equipe (MENEZES;SOUZA, 2015).…”